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Protists

Protists. Chapter 20. What are protists ?. Contains more than 200,000 species Is any organism that is not a plant, an animal, a fungus or a prokaryote. Are eukaryotes Appeared on earth about 1.5 bya. What are the distinguishing features of the major phyla of animal-like protists ?.

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Protists

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  1. Protists Chapter 20

  2. What are protists? • Contains more than 200,000 species • Is any organism that is not a plant, an animal, a fungus or a prokaryote. • Are eukaryotes • Appeared on earth about 1.5 bya

  3. What are the distinguishing features of the major phyla of animal-like protists? • Zooflagellates swim with flagella • Sarcodines move by extensions of their cytoplasm • Ciliates move by means of cilia • Sporozoans do not move on their own at all

  4. Zooflagellates • Animal like protists that swim using flagella • Absorb food through their cell membranes • Live in lakes and streams • Most reproduce asexually

  5. Sarcodines • Animal like protist that use pseudopods for feeding and movement • Amoeboid movement is when the cytoplasm streams and the rest follows • Capture and digest particles of food

  6. Ciliates • Use cilia for feeding and movement • Found in both fresh and salt water • Uses conjugation to exchange genetic information to maintain genetic diversity • Reproduce asexually

  7. Sporozoans • Do not move on their own and are parasitic • Have complex life cycles that involve more than one host • Can cause serious diseases, including malaria and African sleeping sickness

  8. How do animal-like protists harm other living things? Maleria

  9. Sleeping Sickness

  10. Amebic dysentary

  11. What is the function of chlorophyll and accessory pigments in algae? • Allow algae to harvest and use the energy from the sunlight • Accessory pigments are compounds that absorb light at different wavelengths

  12. What are the distinguishing features of the major phyla of unicellular algae? • Euglenophytes have two flagella but no cell wall • Chrysophyta have gold-colored chroloplasts • Diatoms produce thin, delicate cell walls rich in silicon, the main component of glass • Dinoflagellates – half are photosynthetic and half are hetertrophs

  13. Euglenophytes • Flagella emerge from the gullet • Have an eyespot to help find sunlight • Can be photosynthetic or heterotrophic, can switch to meet the environment • No cell walls • Intricate cell membrane called a pellicle • Reproduce asexually

  14. Chrysophytes • Includes yellow-green algae and golden-brown algae • Means “golden plants” • Cell walls contain pectin • Store food as oil and not starch • Reproduce sexually and asexually

  15. Diatoms • Most abundant and beautiful organisms on earth

  16. Dinoflagellates • Have two flagella • Reproduce asexually • Are luminescent and when agitated give off light

  17. Summarize the ecological roles of unicellular algae. • Make up a considerable part of phytoplankton • About ½ of the photosynthesis on Earth is carried out by phytoplankton • Grow rapidly where sewage is discharged to form blooms • Blooms deplete water of nutrients and oxygen • Red Tides – contains a toxin that becomes concentrated in the tissues of clams and oysters, can cause illness, paralysis or death

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