APUSH Unit 11 Outline VUS: 10,11, and 12 World War II/Cold War

1. APUSH Unit 11 OutlineVUS: 10,11, and 12World War II/Cold War Samuel Cortes and Michael Bugas

2. Unit 11 Overview • World War II • Rise of Fascism • Cold War • Korean War • Cuban Missile Crisis • “Containment” • Vietnam War • Domino Theory • Harry S. Truman- Fair Deal • Dwight D. Eisenhower • John F. Kennedy- New Frontier • LBJ- Great Society and Vietnam

3. World War II • 1939 Germany invades Poland sparking WWII • Blitzkrieg takes Europe by surprise • Roosevelt and U.S. try to stay out of war • Isolationist Policy • Roosevelt establishes preventative measures in case of war • Lend Lease Act • Selective Service Act • Axis Powers

4. U.S. entrance into WWII • December 7, 1941- Japanese planes attack U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor • This drags the U.S. into WWII against Germany, Italy, and Japan

5. U.S. Mobilization • New Agencies Established • OSS (Office of Strategic Services) • OWI (Office of War Information) • NWLB (National War Labor Board) • All established to regulate wartime economy and keep home support of the war.

6. U.S. Mobilization Ctd. • Economy shifted to provide resources to the army • New workers such as women and other minorities were given wartime jobs • Atomic bomb being developed by U.S. • “Manhattan Project” • Robert Openheimer

7. Women in Work What a joke! haha

8. Home Front • At home the depression was finally ended by availability of wartime jobs • Japanese Americans interned for fear of conspiracy and racial leanings • Korematsu vs. U.S. upheld this decision • Race riots occurred in cities like Los Angeles and Detroit • Labor Unrest troubled country during war

9. The War in Europe • North Africa was reclaimed from the Germans by General Patton in the North Africa Campaign, provided stepping stone to Europe • El Alamein • Soviets turned tide of war with victories at Stalingrad and Leningrad in 1943 • Germans were reeling from defeat to Russia • On June 6,1944 Allies invaded Europe on Normandy Coast • Dwight D. Eisenhower • Battle of the Bulge • By April 1945 Germany had fallen

10. Berlin taken by Soviet Forces Soviet troops raise flag over Reichstag in Berlin

11. The War in Asia • Shortly after Pearl Harbor, U.S. stopped Japanese offensive at battle of Midway, changed tide of war in the Pacific • U.S. began “Island Hopping” strategy and slowly pushed back Japanese • Iwo Jima • Okinawa • Truman decided to drop Atomic bomb on Japan instead of invasion • August 6, 1945: Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima • August 9, 1945: Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki • August 15, 1945: Japan surrenders

12. Mushroom Cloud

13. Pre Cold War/Rebuilding Europe • Conferences at Yalta and Potsdam set course for what was to be the Cold War • Yalta: Churchill, Stalin, and Roosevelt • Potsdam: Churchill, Stalin, and Truman • Nuremberg War Trials convict Nazi leaders for crimes against humanity The “Big Three” at Yalta

14. Pre Cold War/Rebuilding Europe • Other organizations established such as IMF and GATT to provide financial aid to the war torn world. • Provided nearly $13 billion over three years (1948-1951) • Europe was divided into east and west once war had ended • “Iron Curtain” • U.S. and USSR sole superpowers • Marshall Plan hoped to rebuild Europe and lessen the appeal of Communism to Western Europe

15. Rebuilding Europe • World divides into two major treaty organizations • NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization • Members included U.S., Great Britain, and France • Warsaw Pact • Members included U.S.S.R. and other Soviet Bloc countries

16. Early Cold War • Europe divided distinctly into East and West after war • West-U.S. East- U.S.S.R. • U.N. established in 1945 to prevent future wars • Mass Retaliation: If we get hit with nuke, we hit you with more nukes. • U.S. instated a policy of containment • Sought to contain Communism within present boundaries and not to let it expand • Truman Doctrine: Mass Retaliation and Containment

17. Early Cold War Ctd. • USSR established satellite nations in Eastern Europe as a defense against the West • Domino Theory guides policy in Asia once China becomes Communist in 1949 • Mao Zedong

18. Tensions Ignite in Berlin • Berlin Crisis- Soviets blockaded western Berlin • Berlin Blockade 1948-1949 • This led to the Berlin Airlift in which supplies and food were dropped by Berlin into blocked zone

19. At Home • 1948 Election- Truman wins and obtains second term as president • Proposes his “Fair Deal” • Sought to continue New Deal policies

20. Economy at Home • Conversion from a war-time to peace time economy struck fears of new depression • Labor struck down by Taft-Hartley Act • High inflation and labor conflicts emerged

21. Red Scare • Mass Hysteria that spread throughout the U.S. in the 1950’s out of fear of communist infiltration • McCarthyism • Sen. Joseph McCarthy led the “witch hunt” of communists • HUAC • Much of Hollywood considered “communist” • Rosenberg spy cases • Alger Hiss

22. Korean War • N. Korea invaded S. Korea in 1950 • U.N. sent in troops comprised mainly of U.S. soldiers • War gave Truman bad name and cost him 1952 Election

23. Postwar Prosperity • The postwar economic boom led to the prosperity of the 1950’s • Television and Radio became staples • New appliances and housing were affordable for returning soldiers • GI Bill • Baby Boom

24. Eisenhower/1950’s • Elected President in 1952 • Split in Democratic Party over Civil Rights • Southern Democrats were called “Dixiecrats” • Presided over prosperous era • Suburbs • Interstate Highway Act • Federal Housing Administration • National Defense Education Act • Rock and Roll emerged along with Youth Culture • “Teenager” • Elvis Presley

25. Cold War ctd. • CIA and covert action operations all over the world • Nikita Khrushchev takes control of USSR • U-2 incident • John Foster Dulles • Brinkmanship- Policy of taking things to brink to get more afterwards, used along with nuclear weapons • French withdrawal from Indochina • Dien Bien Phu • Geneva Conference • Ho Chi Minh takes over Communist gov’t. in N. Vitenam • “Military Industrial complex”

26. J.F.K. • New Frontier • Won Election of 1960 due to better presentation on TV over Richard Nixon • New Liberalism • More Social Programs • Assassinated in 1963

27. Cold War Policies • Cuban Missile Crisis • Standoff between U.S. and USSR • Bay of Pigs Invasion • Botched CIA plan to take down communist gov’t. in Cuba

28. Lyndon Baines Johnson • Becomes President after assassination of Kennedy • Great Society • Continues welfare spending and social projects to eliminate poverty • Vietnam war diverts funds from these projects

29. Clouds of Vietnam Begin to Form • Threat of Communist expansion in Indochina • Gulf of Tonkin Resolution • Viet Cong • LBJ takes us into war • My Lai • Tet Offensive

30. 1. • What was a major turning point in Europe in WWII • A.-Stalingrad • B.-Okinawa • C.-Tet Offensive • D.-Iwo Jima

31. 2. • Who’s policy at home was called the Great Society? • A.-Harry S. Truman • B.-Lyndon B. Johnson • C.-John F. Kennedy • D.-Dwight D. Eisenhower

32. 3. • Name the Cold War policy of keeping communism within its present boundaries • A.-Brinkmanship • B.-Domino Effect • C.-Containment • D.-Massive Retaliation

33. Answers • 1.- A • 2.- B • 3.- C

34. Media • Saving Private Ryan • Good Night and Good Luck • The Hunt for Red October • Band of Brothers • Red Dawn

35. Discussion Questions • How did the Cold War Affect American Culture? • Describe Truman’s policies of containment and massive retaliation • What were some elements of the Red Scare in America?