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Routine Drilling Operations

Chapter 4 Drilling. Routine Drilling Operations. Routine Drilling Operations. Preparing the Site Rigging Up Spudding In (Drilling the Surface Hole) Tripping Out Running Surface Casing Cementing Casing Tripping In Controlling Formation Pressure Running & Cementing Intermediate Casing

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Routine Drilling Operations

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  1. Chapter 4 Drilling Routine Drilling Operations

  2. Routine Drilling Operations • Preparing the Site • Rigging Up • Spudding In (Drilling the Surface Hole) • Tripping Out • Running Surface Casing • Cementing Casing • Tripping In • Controlling Formation Pressure • Running & Cementing Intermediate Casing • Drilling to Final Depth • Setting Production Casing

  3. Preparing the Site • Construction • Drill site must have: • Ample space • Comply with Laws • Adequate water supply • Roads • Reserve Pits – Lined with plastic sheeting • Cellar – room beneath the drilling rig for the installation of drilling equipment • Conductor Pipe/Casing. Keeps ground from caving in (Typically 20-100 ft).

  4. Rigging Up • Assembling the Drilling Rig • http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/oilandgas/drilling/rigging_up.html

  5. Spudding (Drilling the Surface Hole) • Initial Drilling • Larger diameter drill bits typically 17 ½” or larger. • Drill to a predetermined depth to get past any water sources that could be contaminated.

  6. Tripping Out • Removing the Drill String from the hole. • Times the need tripping out: • Removing the drill string for testing • Running casing • Changing bits • Very important to watch the speed at which you remove the drill string. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zV3iYWgJowg

  7. Running Surface Casing • Casing is heavy-duty steel pipe that is cemented into the hole • Centralizers: attach to the outside of casing, keeps casing in the center of the hole • Scratchers: Attached to the outside and help remove wall cake from the side of the hole so that the cement can form a better bond. • Casing/Guide Shoe: Rounded heavy short section of casing that attaches to the bottom to help keep casing from snagging on the hole while being lowered. • Float Collar: Coupling that is used one to two joints above the bottom, contains a one way valve to prevent fluids from coming back up the casing.

  8. Cementing Casing • Cementing crew comes in and runs job. • Connects cementing Head and pumps the cement downhole

  9. Tripping In • Put drill pipe back in the hole • Resume drilling by running a smaller drill bit and Bottom Hole Assembly • Displaces drilling mud as the drill string is lowered into the hole • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6mFxaELw99I

  10. Running and Cementing Intermediate Casing

  11. Controlling Formation Pressure (Well Control) • Blow Out: the uncontrolled gushing of fluids oil, gas, water or all three from a formation that the hole has penetrated. • Kick: when formation fluid enters the well bore • Control: Is maintained through the weight of the drilling mud (Density) It is used to create a hydrostatic pressure that counter acts the formation pressure • Hydrostatic Pressure: the pressure exerted by a column of fluid in a well bore. • Formation Pressure: the pressure exerted by the formation fluids

  12. Homework Questions • What are the 3 key elements of a drill site? • What is a cellar? • What is the function of the conductor pipe? • Define “Rigging Up” • Explain the steps in drilling the surface hole. • What the 3 circumstances when you may be required to trip out the drilling tools? • What are the 4 key components that are attached to casing prior to cementing? • What are the 3 different type of casing? Which one is the longest? • What is a “blow-out? What is used to during drilling operations to control the potential of prevent blow-outs?

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