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MINOS/NO n A

MINOS/NO n A. Deborah Harris Fermilab NuFact’04 Osaka University July 28, 2004. Outline of Talk. MINOS Beamline Progress Detector Progress Not covered: Cosmic ray analyses at Far Detector Accelerator Physics Expectations NO n A Overview Beamline Progress—see above

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MINOS/NO n A

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  1. MINOS/NOnA Deborah Harris Fermilab NuFact’04 Osaka University July 28, 2004

  2. Outline of Talk • MINOS • Beamline Progress • Detector Progress • Not covered: Cosmic ray analyses at Far Detector • Accelerator Physics Expectations • NOnA • Overview • Beamline Progress—see above • Detector Progress—see P.Strolin (mostly) • Physics Reach now and in the future MINOS/NOvA

  3. Acknowlegements • The majority of the slides I will show come from the excellent talks given by • Sacha Kopp, Fermilab User’s Meeting, 6/2004 • Mark Messier, Neutrino 2004, 6/2004 • Mark Thomson, Neutrino 2004, 6/2004 • Since probably no one here was at all of these talks, I hope at least a few slides will be new for everyone in the audience MINOS/NOvA

  4. 735 km Det. 2 Det. 1 Idea dates back to CERN, FNAL mid-1980’s Two Detector n Experiment Near Detector: 980 tons Far Detector: 5400 tons • Near detector predicts n energy spectrum at far detector (in absence of oscillations) • Multiply near spectrum by scaling factor to predict far. • Must believe that beam at two detectors is • (1) the same, or • (2) difference calculable. MINOS/NOvA

  5. The NuMI Beam“Neutrinosat the Main Injector” p beam Pion beam Decay Pipe • NuMI has 400kW • primary proton beam • 120 GeV • 8.67 msec spill • 1.9 sec rep rate • 5 Booster batches • (2.51013 prot/spill) MINOS/NOvA

  6. Extracted Proton Beam Line Angling down Carrier Tunnel Pre-Target Foil Profile Monitor MINOS/NOvA

  7. Progress on Target and Horns • Horns assembled and pulsed • Horn 1 & power supply installed underground • >>5.4+1kton of shielding installed • “Crosshairs” for alignment checks in situ Beam’s eye view of horn in chase MINOS/NOvA

  8. Progress on Decay Pipe and Absorber • 675m long decay pipe pumped down to 1.4Torr on first try! • Water-cooled Aluminum core installed • Hadron Monitor Support Installed • Almost all of 2.2kTons there MINOS/NOvA

  9. mMonitors to Study n Beam Bypass Tunnel m+ m+ nm p m+ m+ p+ m+ m+ Expected m profiles in Alcove 1 Alcove 2 Alcove 3 Beam Tests New levels of radiation hardness Required for muon monitors! MINOS/NOvA

  10. MINOS Near Detector Installation 1. Down the shaft 2. Across the hall Less than 30 out of 282 planes to go! 3. Installed MINOS/NOvA

  11. MINOS Far Detector magnetized Fe-scintillator calorimeter segmented scint for X, Y tracking 485 planes, 8m diam, 5400 tons MINOS/NOvA

  12. MINOS Schedule • Far Detector completed in 2003 • NuMI Tunnel • Excavation complete in 2002 • Outfitting (electrical, air, water, etc) complete in fall 2003 and March 2004 (two phases) • Primary beamline and target hall installation • Begun in fall 2003 • Finish in November 2004 • Near detector installation to finish early fall ‘04 • READY FOR BEAM November, 2004 MINOS/NOvA

  13. Measurement of nm Disappearance in MINOS For Dm2 = 0.0020 eV2, sin2 2q23 = 1.0 Oscillated/unoscillated ratio of number of nmCC events in far detector vsEobserved 90% and 99% CL allowed oscillation parameter space for the Super-K best fit point. Figures from MINOS 5yr plan submitted to Fermilab PAC 2003 MINOS/NOvA

  14. MINOS Measurement of Dm2 Or, Time for a Change of Terminology Current way of quoting Dm2 range: Full width at sin22q23=1, at 90%CL K2K now has 90%CL range of 1.7< Dm2 <3.3 x10-3eV2, or a fractional error of 0.66 with a Dm2 of 2.73x10-3eV2 (NuFact04) When MINOS has 7x1020 POT, this Should result in a factor Of 4 increase in precision Can we please start quoting 1s error bars like precision experiments? (plot on left is in “current way”) 90%CL MINOS/NOvA

  15. Resolve Non-Maximal Mixing? Dm2 (eV2) Region where sin2 2q can be resolved as <1.0 at 90% CL. SK allowed (90%C.L.) sin2(2q23) MINOS/NOvA

  16. Or 3s Discovery!! 0.150 0.125 0.100 0.075 0.050 0.025 0 CHOOZ (Dm2 = 0.0025 eV2) Dm2 (eV2) MINOS (Dm2 = 0.0025 eV2) sin2(2q13) Discoverable at 3s (5 years, 3kt) JHF (2009+5yrs) 90% CL Exclusion Limits 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 Protons on Target (1020) sin2(2q13) Search for nmne Appearance With ne oscillations 25x1020 POT Observed ne CC Osc. Max for this Dm2 Beam ne backgrounds For Dm2 = 0.0025 eV2, sin2 2q13= 0.067 MINOS/NOvA

  17. Next Steps in Oscillation Physics • Once MINOS provides stringent test of oscillation framework • Once MINOS improves precision on Dm2 by factor of 4 or more… • Want to focus on nm→ne transitions • Seeing it in the first place • Getting the most physics out of what you see MINOS/NOvA

  18. Goals and Beams • MINOS: pin down Dm2 • NOnA look for ne /nm transitions at Dm2atm • First hint of q13 being non-zero? • CP violation in absence of matter effects • Matter effects in absence of Dmsol2 MINOS/NOvA

  19. NOnA Collaboration US UK Greece Brazil Canada 160 Authors, 34 Institutions, Gary Feldman and John Cooper Co-spokespersons MINOS/NOvA

  20. How will NOnA Improve on MINOS? Goal: factor of 10 past MINOS reach on sin2 2Q13 • Increase Detector Mass by 5 or more • Increase Flux/POT at Oscillation Max by ~2 by going off axis • Reduce the backgrounds to ne appearance • Lower ne at the peak by going off axis • Lower NC contamination by going off axis • Build detector optimized for ne appearance • Segmented X0/3 instead of 1.5X0! • Low Z instead of High Z • more kton/X0 • Events are big—need fewer channels per transverse dimension • Go to Higher L, Lower E, more matter effects • 810km, 2GeV peak, instead of 735km, 3.5GeV peak MINOS/NOvA

  21. How the Off Axis Strategy Works MINOS/NOvA

  22. What Can we expect at NOnA? MINOS/NOvA

  23. 20cm Scintillator modules 1.3m Detector Strategy • Baseline Design • Particle Board (20cm) w/ Liq. Scintillator (3cm thick) in Extrusions, 750 planes • Segmentation X0/3 • 6.9kton active/50.7kton total (14%) • Active Veto Shield Planned • Totally active Design • Liquid Scintillator (4.9cm thick) in Extrusions, 1845 planes • Segmentation X0/7 • 21kton active/25kton total (85%) • Both Designs • Looped Wavelength Shifting Fiber to Avalance PhotoDiode Readout (see P. Strolin’s talk) MINOS/NOvA

  24. Event Displays from Baseline Detector Design ne CC signal: >3 hits/track >1.5 hits/plane Cos(qbeam)>.8 Likelihood Analysis on “event shape” MINOS/NOvA

  25. Totally Active Scintillator Detector Events (2GeV) nm + A -> p +m- Signal Efficiency 32%(18% baseline) Signal/Background 7.7(4.6 baseline) Signal/sqrt(bg.) 26(24.5 basline) ne+A→p p+p- e- Because of larger Efficiency and better Background rejection, Can make ½ the mass n + A -> p + 3p± + p0 + n One unit is 4.9 cm (horizontal), 4.0 cm (vertical) MINOS/NOvA

  26. Where should NOnA put the detector? Largest asymmetry for normal vs inverted Mass hierarchy at larger angles Duty cycle is tiny (10msec/1.8sec) So detector can be at surface of Earth Site that maximizes matter effects is Not optimal for q13 but Mass Hierarchy Determination is unique to NOnA MINOS/NOvA

  27. NOnA Near Detector MINOS/NOvA

  28. Measurement Suite NOnA will use MINOS/NOvA

  29. NOnA Physics Results • nm Disappearance • ne Disappearance • Seeing evidence for sin22q13≠0 • Mass Hierarchy • CP Violation • What about adding another detector? • Make more of same detector in same place? • Add another detector farther off axis? Lesson we’ve seen before: 2 different E or L (or both) are better than twice as much at same E and L! MINOS/NOvA

  30. nm Disappearance in NOnA MINOS/NOvA

  31. NOnA’s Reach in sin22q13: Depends on d,mass hierarchy! MINOS/NOvA

  32. NOnA’s reach in sin22q13 • Smaller angle off axis has slightly better reach in sin22q13 • How it compares to T2K depends on sign(Dm2)! 12mrad Off axis 15mrad Off axis MINOS/NOvA

  33. Determination of the Mass Hierarchy • Different ways of getting there: • Compare NOnA and T2K • Compare 15mrad NOnA to 42mrad NOnA (matter effects tiny at that energy--0.7GeV ) • Add More protons and stir… • Add more detector mass and stir… MINOS/NOvA

  34. Search for CP Violation • No matter what, T2K and NOnA need proton driver upgrades to get to CP violation (need the n’s) • Second Oscillation Max strategy: CP violation 3x bigger! (n energy at 42mrad 1/3 of energy at 15mrad) NOnA+2nd Osc. Max NOnA + 1 p driver upgrade NOnA+T2HyperK + 2 p driver upgrades NOnA+T2K + 2 p driver upgrades MINOS/NOvA

  35. Technically Driven Schedule • Need Stage I approval, don’t have it yet… • With Final approval in 2005, Construction starting 2006, data taking starting with half the detector in 2008 • Will pass up reach of MINOS quickly…or make precision measurement of a signal they (or OPERA or ICARUS) see first! MINOS/NOvA

  36. Conclusions NuMI Beamline is a long time coming, but is almost here: ready to commission end of 2004! • MINOS is right around the corner • Near Detector commissioning as we speak! • Physics running in 2005 • Improve Dm2 measurement over what we have now by factor of 4 or better! • NOnA • 10x sensitivity of MINOS to nm→ne • Even more precise disappearance measurements • Optimize for physics reach (matter effects!) • Precision P(nm→ne) measurements the goal • Both experiments benefit greatly from measurements at • MIPP (hadron production on NuMI target) • MINERnA (neutrino cross sections & interactions) MINOS/NOvA

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