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Telecom & Networks

Explore the world of telecommunications networking, from analog to digital signals, frequencies, and bandwidth usage, to components like twisted pair, coaxial, and fiber optic cables. Learn about radio waves, microwave communications, GPS systems, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Infrared technology for wireless connectivity. Discover networking devices like modems, network adapters, routers, and wireless access points. Dive into RFID technology and concepts of network operating systems, protocols, and Ethernet standards. Explore various computer network types and how they interconnect to form LANs and WANs, enabling global communication networks.

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Telecom & Networks

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  1. Please turn your cell phone off. Telecom & Networks Fundamentals Telecom Components Computer Networks Network Applications

  2. Fundamentals of Telecommunications

  3. Telecommunications • Telecommunications: The electronic transmission of signals over a medium for communications.

  4. Analog Signal: transmit sound using continuously varying levels of voltage. • Digital Signal: transmits data using two discrete states of voltage: high and low Types of Signals

  5. Signal Frequency • Frequency: the speed at which a signal changes from high to low. • Bandwidth: the range of signal frequencies that can be sent over a given medium at the same time. • Often expressed as bits per second • Broadband: faster than 200Kbps

  6. Review: Fundamentals

  7. Network Media, Devices, and Software The fundamental components of telecommunications networks

  8. Twisted Pair Cable • Coaxial Cable • Fiber Optic Cable • Radio Waves Networking Media

  9. Radio Waves • Radio waves use differing frequencies to carry many types of information: • AM & FM Radio • Short Wave & CB Radio • Television Broadcasts • Garage Doors Openers • Baby Monitors • Cordless Phones • Cell Phones • Radio Controlled Cars and Airplanes • Global Positioning Systems • Wireless Computer Networks • Microwave Communications http://www.fcc.gov/oet/spectrum/ http://www.nrpb.org/understand/radiowaves/radiowaves.htm http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/radio-spectrum1.htm

  10. High-frequency radio signals sent up to 30 miles through the air. Microwave Communications

  11. Microwave Communications ! Line-of-sight communications

  12. SatelliteTransmission Microwave Communications Line-of-sight required

  13. Global Positioning System (GPS) • GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Aircraft Navigation

  14. GPS • GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Seacraft Autopilot

  15. GPS • GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Automobile Navigation

  16. GPS • GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Computing

  17. GPS • GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Handheld Navigation

  18. GPS • GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Child Safety

  19. GPS • GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Emergency Call

  20. GPS • GPS: uses satellites to pinpoint the location of receivers on earth. Auto-emergency Call

  21. AccessPoint Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) • Wi-Fi: devices that communicate wirelessly using the 802.11 protocol. • 250-1,000 ft range • 802.11b 4.5 Mbps • 802.11g 11 Mbps • www.boingo.com • http://talgov.com/citytlh/utilities/ubcs/canopy.html

  22. Bluetooth • Bluetooth: Wireless technology that enables a wide variety of digital devices to communicate directly. • 33 ft range • 1 Mbps • www.bluetooth.com

  23. Infrared (IRDA) • Infrared technology utilizes infrared rays to send data over a short distance wirelessly. • 4 ft range • Narrow-angle cone (30o) • Line-of-sight • 4-16 Mbps • www.mzoop.com

  24. Wireless Comparison

  25. Networking Devices • Modem: modulates and demodulates signals from one form to another. • Network Adapter: Expansion card, or external device installed on a computing device used to connect to a network.

  26. Networking Devices • Network Control Devices: • Hub/Switch • Controls flow of data between devices on a network • Router • Routs packets to destinations and connects one network to another • Wireless Access Point • Allows devices to connect wirelessly to a wired network

  27. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) • RFID Device: tiny microprocessor combined with antenna able to store and broadcast identifying information to an RFID reader. • Currently on hold until security issues are addressed. http://www.technologyreview.com/articles/visualize0304.asp?trk=nl

  28. Review: Telecom Components

  29. Networks and Distributed Computing

  30. Networking Software • Network Operating System (NOS) • system software that controls the communications between computer systems and devices on a network. • Protocols • an agreed-upon format for transferring data between devices. • Standard • an agreed-upon way of doing something within an industry. • Ethernet • the most widely used network standard for private networks.

  31. Computer Network Concepts • Distributed Computing • Refers to a computing environment that includes multiple remote computers that work together to solve problems and provide services. • Database Servers • Application Servers • File Servers • Print Servers

  32. Types of Computer Networks

  33. Local Area Network (LAN) • Local Area Network (LAN) • Connects computer systems and devices within a common geographic area

  34. Wirelessaccess point System Administrator Servers Local Area Network switch Startopology Bustopology

  35. router FSU Tallahassee LAN router FSU Panama City LAN WAN Wide Area NetworkConnects LANs between cities, cross country, and around the world using microwave and satellite transmission or telephone lines.

  36. Global Area Network (GAN) • Global Area Network (GAN) • An International network

  37. Personal Area Network (PAN) • Personal Area Network (PAN) • The wireless interconnection of personal information technology devices within the range of an individual. • Mostly associated with Bluetooth technology http://www.scottevest.com/v3_product_info/features.shtml

  38. Network Technologies • Intranet • A private network that utilizes Internet and Web protocols and software. • Virtual Private Network (VPN) • Uses the Internet to connect an organization’s networks dispersed around the world into one large intranet.

  39. The original PAN was designed by Thomas Zimmerman and allowed users to pass digital electronic information through touch, by transferring information from one person’s device to another’s, running a subtle current through the body. http://www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/user/pan/pan.html PAN – Alternative Definition • Personal Area Network (PAN) • The human body is used to conduct a minimal electric current to transfer information from one individual to another.

  40. Exchange emails through handshakeTWO Japanese telecoms giants have developed technology that turns the human body into a broadband-paced link that allows e-mail addresses to be exchanged through a simple handshake, a report said Monday.The technology, developed by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp. and its subsidiary NTT DoCoMo Inc., uses the body's conductivity and adds the smarts of a personal digital assistant (PDA), the Nihon Keizai Shimbun said. A device attached to a PDA can send and receive weak electrical signals through people, with human bodies as communications circuits, the paper said, citing sources close to the companies. Apparel and handbags have their own conductivity, allowing an electrical connection to a PDA that can remain in one's pocket, the paper said. In this way, people can exchange e-mail addresses, names and phone numbers while shaking hands, with the data automatically written into both their PDAs, the paper said. The companies have confirmed in an experiment that data can be transmitted at 10 megabits per second, comparable to the speed of a broadband Internet connection, it said. The technology could allow data communications through door knobs, switches, desks and chairs, the paper said. It could pave the way to one day being able to pass through railway ticket gates or entering secure buildings with a simple touch. It could also get a computer to start up with the proper settings as soon as the user sat down, the paper said. Agence France-Presse See also “Microsoft patents body power”

  41. Review: Networks

  42. Setting Up a Wireless Home Network

  43. Wireless Access Point / Router To Cable Co. Cable Modem Installing Home Wi-fi • Requirements • High-speed Internet • Cable Modem or DSL Modem (provided be ISP) • Wireless Access Point/Router • Wireless adapters for each device. • Additional Access Points as needed. http://www.linksys.com/

  44. Wireless Access Point / Router Wireless Access Point / Router To Cable Co. To Cable Co. Cable Modem Cable Modem Dangers of Home Wi-fi • Neighbors • Hackers

  45. Wireless Access Point / Router To Cable Co. Cable Modem Dangers of Home Wi-fi • Neighbors • Hackers • Passer byes • www.wardriving.com

  46. Dangers of Home Wi-fi War Driving Kit

  47. Wireless Access Point / Router To Cable Co. Cable Modem Securing Home Wi-fi • Change the default SSID (network name). • Change the default password needed to access a wireless device. • Enable MAC address filtering. • Disable the SSID broadcast option. • Enable WEP or WPA encryption • Install Firewall Software

  48. Review: Wi-fi

  49. Don’t forget to turn your phone back on!! Questions?

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