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The M usculoskeletal system

The M usculoskeletal system. A) Bones. 1. Name of common bones ( dividing our skeleton ): Head Thorax Spinal cord Upper limbs Lower limbs. A) Bones. 2. Types : Long bones Found mostly in lower and upper limbs Short bones Found mostly in the wrists and ankles

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The M usculoskeletal system

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  1. The Musculoskeletal system

  2. A) Bones • 1. Name of commonbones (dividingourskeleton): • Head • Thorax • Spinal cord • Upperlimbs • Lowerlimbs

  3. A) Bones • 2. Types: • Long bones • Foundmostly in lower and upperlimbs • Short bones • Foundmostly in the wrists and ankles • Flat bones • E.g. skull, ribs, sternum, shoulderbone • Irregularbones • E.g. vertabrae

  4. A) Bones • 3. Function: • Support, insures posture • Protectsinternalorgans • Ensures motion (workingwith muscles theyact as levers) • Storage of necessary fat and minerals (calcium) • Production of redbloodcells by the bonemarrow (mostoftenfoundin long bones)

  5. A) Bones • Name of commonbones: • Vertabrea • Ribs • Femur • Tibia • Fibula • Radius • Ulna • Collarbone (clavicle) • Humerus • Carpals • Tarsals • Patella • Sternum

  6. B) Joints • Definition: • place wheretwo or more bonesjoin • Function: • Can allow for mobility (tendons attachbones to muscles) • Can linkbonestogether (with ligaments)

  7. B) Joints • Types: • Pivot Joint • Hinge joint • Gliding joint • Ball and socket • Saddle Joint • Conyloid Joint

  8. B) Joints • Types of joints thatallowmobility (synovial joints): • Pivot Joint • allows for rotation (base of the skull) • Hinge joint • allows to bend in 1 direction(elbows and knees) • Gliding joint • allowsbones to slide on one another(vertabrea) • Ball and socket • allows for mostmobility(hip and shoulder) • Saddle Joint • allows 2 types of motion (thumbs) • Conyloid Joint • Fingers and toes

  9. Types of motions: • Flexion (decreasing the angle betweentwobones) • Extension (increasing the angle betweentwobones) • Abduction (limbsmovingawayfrom the body) • Adduction (limbsmovingtowards the body) • Rotation (turningaround an axis)

  10. C) Muscles • Whatisitreally? • Soft tissue made of cellsthatcontainprotein filaments thatcan change the cell’sshape • Function: • Allowsfor motion • Producesheat

  11. C) Muscles • Type of muscles: • Smooth: • Muscles surroundinginternalorgans • Are not voluntary • Striated muscles • Skeletal • Muscles anchored to the skeleton • Are voluntary • Cardiac • Muscles controlling the heart

  12. Team work • Muscles workingtogether: • Antagonistic muscles • Muscles canonly pull cannot push back • Needanother muscle to pull the limb back to its original position • Bicep/tricep

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