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Chapter 4.1 Cleaner Production

Chapter 4.1 Cleaner Production. What’s in a name?. Source reduction Eco efficiency Cleaner Production Industrial ecology Industrial metabolism Green productivity. Waste minimisation Waste avoidance Waste reduction Waste prevention Green Productivity Pollution Prevention.

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Chapter 4.1 Cleaner Production

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  1. Chapter 4.1 Cleaner Production TRP Chapter 4.1 1

  2. What’s in a name? • Source reduction • Eco efficiency • Cleaner Production • Industrial ecology • Industrial metabolism • Green productivity • Waste minimisation • Waste avoidance • Waste reduction • Waste prevention • Green Productivity • Pollution Prevention Cleaner Production is the continuous application of an integrated preventive environmental strategy to processes, products and services to increase overall efficiency and reduce risks to humans and the environment TRP Chapter 4.1 2

  3. The production process Waste prevention Cleaner Production Source: David S Newby TRP Chapter 4.1 3

  4. Waste hierarchy Source: David C Wilson 1993, 1997, 2001 TRP Chapter 4.1 4

  5. Sustainable consumption • Conserving finite resources eg use of renewable energy • Reduction of toxic or polluting components • Shift from products to services • Improved product design • Re-use and recycling of waste TRP Chapter 4.1 5

  6. Elements of a product policy for waste prevention • Product design: • eco-design • green chemistry initiatives • reverse engineering • Green purchasing policies • Targets for recycled content in new goods • Reverse distribution (collection of end-of-life products) TRP Chapter 4.1 6

  7. Key players in Cleaner Production Global bodies eg UNEP, WBCSD, UNIDO National and regional governments Industry associations Industry sectors TRP Chapter 4.1 7

  8. Cleaner Production Centres National Centres: Brazil - China - Costa Rica - Czech Republic - El Salvador - Ethiopia - Guatemala - Hungary - India - Kenya - Mexico - Morocco - Mozambique - Nicaragua - Slovak Republic - Russia - Tanzania - Tunisia - Vietnam - Zimbabwe TRP Chapter 4.1 8

  9. Case study: China TRP Chapter 4.1 9

  10. Tools for waste prevention and Cleaner Production • Economic instruments • Environmental Management Systems eg ISO 14 000, ISO 14001 • Life cycle assessment (LCA) • Auditing • Environmental impact assessment • Technology assessment eg EnTA • Eco-labels • Product design initiatives TRP Chapter 4.1 10

  11. Support systems and delivery mechanisms • Cleaner Production Centres - national & regional • Round Tables • National and global information systems • National and international conferences • Waste management and technology centres • Sector-based working groups and networks • Training institutes for management and technical personnel • Professional management bodies TRP Chapter 4.1 11

  12. Waste prevention and the waste industry • Conflicts? • Disincentives? • Need to work with industry not simply for industry • Need to extend the role of recycling companies to include prevention TRP Chapter 4.1 12

  13. Chapter 4.1 Summary • Cleaner Production requires the continuous application of an integrated strategy • It applies to on-site processes and includes a number of measures to reduce resource consumption • Key players in Cleaner Production include global, national and regional bodies, industry associations, CPcentres • There are a number of tools and support systems available to help industry • The role of the waste industry is influential TRP Chapter 4.1 13

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