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Tests for biological macromolecules. Benedict’s Solution. Test for simple (reducing) sugars Benedict’s is blue Put test substance in a test tube with distilled water and a few drops of B enedict’s Heat gently in a water bath for two minutes
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Benedict’s Solution Test for simple (reducing) sugars Benedict’s is blue Put test substance in a test tube with distilled water and a few drops of Benedict’s Heat gently in a water bath for two minutes It should change color from blue to green to yellow/orange/red There could be an orange precipitate
Iodine test Tests for starch Iodine is orange Iodine can be put directly on a test substance or into a solution Positive test is orange turns to black Instantaneous
Biuret solution Solution of NaOH and CuSO4 Test for proteins Put substance in a test tube and add Biuret Color change from blue to lavender is positive No heat but not instantaneous
Ethanol Test for fats and oils Put substance in a container (test tube) and add ethanol (shake/crush) Heat in a gentle water bath (not Bunsen Burner!!!) Filter or dilute (with more ethanol) to get a clear liquid Pour into a test tube of water A white (milk-like) emulsion indicates presence of fats/oils
Sudan Red Test for lipids Place 1 mL of sample in 1 mL of water and mix Add 5 drops of Sudan Red and mix Wait 2 minutes Lipid is present in red-stained layer