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Japan

Japan. Japan: Timeline. Fun Factoid. Japan has “always” had an emperor Japan has only had one dynasty (all members of Yamato clan) Why ?. Japan’s Origins in the Classical Period. Decentralized Japan (-604) Shinto, but growing Buddhist influence

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Japan

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  1. Japan

  2. Japan: Timeline

  3. Fun Factoid • Japan has “always” had an emperor • Japan has only had one dynasty (all members of Yamato clan) • Why?

  4. Japan’s Origins in the Classical Period • Decentralized Japan (-604) • Shinto, but growing Buddhist influence • Large provincial estates with aristocratic governors ruling with power derived from emperor

  5. Japan’s Imperial Age (604-784)

  6. The Imperial Age • Efforts at Centralization (604-784) • → Taika Reforms (646) • Focused on creating absolute-powered emperor with Chinese style bureaucracy • Referred to emperor at “Son of Heaven” • Professional bureaucracy • Peasant conscript army

  7. The Imperial Age • Nara (710-784) • “Nara” derived from Japan’s 1st capital city • Intense direct borrowing from China, but increasing power of Buddhism

  8. The Imperial Age • Why might some historians refer to the late Imperial Age as the “crisis at Nara”? • What was the response to the crisis?

  9. Heian Period (794-1185)

  10. Early Heian (794-857) • Move capital to Kyoto • Borrowing from China declines as adaptation begins • Aristocratic families re-exert influence • Court life • Remote from common life • Ultra-civilized – superficial focus on beauty & social interactions

  11. Early Heian (794-857) • What is “court life”? • Why is the court life during Heian period called “ultracivilized”?

  12. Late Heian (857-1185) • Sign of failed centralization • Reign of emperor continues, but • Real power rests with most powerful aristocratic family • Fujiwara • Taira • Minamoto

  13. Feudal Age (1185-1600) Most power rests with regional lords Era characterized by civil war

  14. Bakufu / Shogunate (1185-1600) • Attempt at formalizing rule of aristocratic house • Create military dictatorship with blessing of emperor • Shogun • Gov’t sometimes called a Bakufu (military government) or Shogunate

  15. Feudal Age (1185-1600) • Attempt at centralization fails, but heritage of political model established • Emperor still in place (figure head) • Shogun in place (increasingly ignored and treated as figurehead) • Aristocratic families still reign supreme • Daimyo / Bushi

  16. Impact of Feudal Warfare • Regional lords (daimyo) invest in villages on manor • Irrigation, tax collection, encourage handicraft production • Economic boom during feudal age & civil war

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