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Structure and Function of cell organelles

www.eccentrix.com/members/chempics/Lipids.html. Structure and Function of cell organelles. UNIT 3 Chapter 3. Structure – A dense region of genetic material and protein. Function – Directs all cell activities, including cellular reproduction. Stores genetic material (DNA).

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Structure and Function of cell organelles

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  1. www.eccentrix.com/members/chempics/Lipids.html Structure and Functionof cell organelles UNIT 3 Chapter 3

  2. Structure – A dense region of genetic material and protein . Function – Directs all cell activities, including cellular reproduction. Stores genetic material (DNA). Information to make proteins Contains the nucleolus Nucleus

  3. Nucleolus • Found inside the nucleus • Function – • Production of ribosomes Nucleus Nucleolus

  4. Structure – Thin protective layer composed of protein and lipid molecules Function – Contains the contents of the cell, controls materials entering and leaving. cell membrane Plasma (Cell) Membrane carbohydrate chain cholesterol protein channel protein

  5. Structure – Clear fluid in the cell. Function – Suspends the organelles and is site of chemical reactions. Cytoplasm

  6. Structure – Small tubules structures Function – Duplicates just before mitosis or meioses, and organizes the chromosomes in the center of the cell for reproduction. Not found in plant cells Centrioles

  7. Structure – System of flattened sacs and vesicles. Function – sorting, modifying, and packaging of macro-molecules that are secreted by the cell used in the cell. Works with vesicles to transport proteins from RER to other organelles or out the cell by exocytosis. Golgi Bodies

  8. Structures – Small sacs Function – Transports substances in and out of the cell, or to other organelles. Temporarily stores various substances that enter the cell. Store new synthesized material Vesicles

  9. Structure Cigar shape Function Termed “power house” of the cell. Converts food energy into usuable energy. Cellular respiration occurs. Produces ATP (adenosine triphosphate) main energy used in cells. Has many folds of its inner lining that give it greater surface area for ATP production. Produces energy for the cell Mitochondria http://www.tqnyc.org/NYC040844/plantcells.htm

  10. Structure – Composed of protein and RNA. Small round particles Function – Synthesis of proteins Links together amino acids Reads RNA, copies DNA Made in the nucleolus Ribosomes

  11. Structure – Small sacs Function – Consume old worn out structures and molecules. (recycling center) Contain digestive enzymes (pH 5) that break down proteins, lipids and other molecules. Lysosomes

  12. Structure – Thin flattened sacs Function – Forms a transport system between nucleus and cytoplasm. Helps in the production of proteins and lipids. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

  13. R.E.R – Ribosomes that have bound with ER. Produce proteins – polymers of AA. S.E.R. – Helps to build lipid molecules. Produces steroids and hormones. 2 forms of ER

  14. Structure – Green sacs of pigments that contain chlorophyll Function – Makes food through the process of Photosynthesis Absorbs CO2 & produces O2 as a by-product Found in plants and algae only. Chloroplast chloroplast

  15. Structure – Small sacs Function – Temporary storage of materials in water such as nutrients, enzymes and waste products. Important to plants, not as important for animals. Very large in plants, called a Central Vacuole Vacuoles

  16. Structure – Made of cellulose fleshy fibers. Function – Protects the plant cell and gives added support for the cell. Found only in plants Cell wall

  17. Difference between animal and plant cell ORGANELLES • *Chloroplast • *Central Vacuole • *Cell wall • Flagellum • Centrioles • *primary differences

  18. Overview of Cell Components • http://www.rkm.com.au/CELL/animalcell.html • http://www.rkm.com.au/CELL/Plant/ • http://www.jcarroll.org/celltype.htm

  19. Special Cellular structures Section 6.5 and 6.6

  20. Cytoskeleton Structural framework of cells. Not a rigid framework, cells can change shape at any time. Aids in movement of cells. Microtubules – give shape, support and movement of organelles. and muscle movement. Microfilaments - Muscle movement. Internal skeletal support http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/cytoskeleton/graphics/microfilament.gif

  21. Flagella Movement of the cell. Uses a whip-like action for propulsion. Usually 1 is found per cell. Contains microfilaments. Locomotion of cells http://www.its.caltech.edu/~brokawc/Demo1/BeadExpt.html

  22. Shorter version of flagella. More numerous and found around the cell. Uses a wave action for propulsion of cell. Also found in the internal linings of organs, which move food, mucus or debris in a particular direction. Cilia

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