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Innovation, Intrapreneurship and Creativity

Innovation, Intrapreneurship and Creativity. Oleh: Meily Margaretha. Innovation. Process by which new goods and services or new production and operating systems are developed. Innovation and spectacular success for Organization.

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Innovation, Intrapreneurship and Creativity

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  1. Innovation, Intrapreneurship and Creativity Oleh: Meily Margaretha

  2. Innovation Process by which new goods and services or new production and operating systems are developed.

  3. Innovation and spectacular success for Organization Honda changed the face of the small motorbike market when introduced small 50cc motorcycles. Mary Kay changed the natured of the way cosmetics are sold when it introduced its at-home cosmetics parties and personalized style of selling.

  4. Technological Change Quantum Technological Change • A fundamental shift in technology that results in innovation of new kinds of goods and services. • The shifts from vinyl records to tape to CD to MP3 represent quantum technological changes in the recording industry. Incremental Technological Change • Change that refines existing technology and leads to gradual improvements or refinements of products over time. • Intel has produced a series of improvements in its original 4004 microprocessor, include 8008,8086,286,386 and Pentium Chips

  5. Technology cycle • Quantum innovations occur rarely • Technological discontinuity • Dominant design emerges • Era of incremental change and innovation during which competition is based on technology • Technological discontinuity may occur again and the process starts all over

  6. Technological Change and Length of The Product Life Cycle

  7. Determinants of the length of the product life cycle • Rate of technological change • Faster the rate of change, the shorter the product life cycle. • Role of fads and fashion • Determine the attractiveness of products to customers

  8. Entrepreneurship as Creative Destruction • New companies use new global and technological opportunities to make better products that drive old, inefficient companies out of business. (Ex. Home Video Games)

  9. Intrapreneurs and Creativity • Intrapreneurs: Leaders of innovation and new product development in established organizations. • Creativity: ideas going beyond the current boundaries, whether those boundaries are based on technology, knowledge, social norms, or beliefs • Most people are creative at some time • May involve combining and synthesizing new things

  10. Managing The Innovation Process Project management Cross-functional teams Skunk Works

  11. Creating a Culture for Innovation 1 Organizational Structure 2 People 3 Property Rights

  12. Innovation and Information Technology • Information efficiencies: the cost and time savings that occur when IT allows employees to perform current tasks at a higher level • Enables employees to assume additional tasks • Enables employees to expand their roles in the organization due to advances in the ability to gather and analyze data also allows information efficiencies

  13. IT and Organizational Structure and Culture • IT affects the innovation process through its many effects on organizational structure • IT gives lower level employees more detailed and current knowledge of consumer and market trends and opportunities • IT can produce information synergies • Facilitates increased communication and coordination between decentralized decision makers and top managers

  14. Innovation at The GAP • Merek GAP menjadi sangat populer pada tahun 1990an dan tahun 2000 tingkat penjualannya meningkat $10 triliun untuk yang pertama kalinya. • GAP sempat mengalami kejatuhan tahun 1999. Mengapa???

  15. CEO GAP-Millard berupayameningkatkanpenjualandenganmendirikanberbagaitoko yang menawarkanberbagaipakaianuntukkonsumen. Mis: Kid Gap Store, Baby Gap, Banana Republic, Old Navy. • Millard mendelegasikantanggungjawabberinovasipadaketigapresidendaridivisiutamanya.

  16. Keputusan mendelegasikan tanggungjawab berinovasi ternyata gagal karena ketiga presiden dari setiap divisi tidak mampu memprediksi keinginan konsumen. • Miller melakukan pengendalian secara terpusat dan menggunakan IT untuk mempercepat proses desain.

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