BIOSPHERE (C)

1. BIOSPHERE (C) SQA Questions

2. What you should know cosystems air ea and reshwater • Pollution affects the e_________ of ___, f________, s__ and l____. • The main sources of pollution are d________, a__________ and i________. • Domestic – s______ and r______ e.g. p______ • Agricultural – f________ and p_________ • Industrial – s_____ and g______ from f_________ and p_____ stations omestic gricultural ndustrial ewage ubbish lastic ertilisers esticides moke ases actories ower

3. urned nergy ulphur ioxide • When fossil fuels are b______ in power stations to produce e____ the gas s______ d_______ is released which leads to a____ r_____ • Nuclear w_____ from nuclear power stations can enter f____ c_____ cause c_______ and has to s______ for h_______ of years • Pollution can be controlled by r_______ the burning of f______ f_____ and using alternative e______ sources e.g. _____ and r_______ h_______ gases from factory chimneysbefore r______ into the air (S__________) cid ain aste ood hains ancer tored undreds educing ossil uels wind nergy emoving armful elease CRUBBING

4. rganic ewage ood ource icro organisms ncreases ncrease • O______ waste e.g. s_______ is a f_____ s_____ for m___________ • If organic waste i_______ then it leads to an i______ in m_____________ which rapidly use up the o______ in the water leading to l____ oxygen in the water for o_____ organisms • This lack of o______ will k___ animals and r______ the number of s_______ in the water • Organisms that can give i__________ on p_______ are called i_________ species icro organisms xygen ess ther xygen ill pecies educe nformation ndicator ollution

5. ver estruction • O____ fishing and d_________ of the rainforest are examples of bad management of ecosystems. • To preventoverfishing f____ q_____ should be used and the rain forest can be saved if we make f____land m____ p__________ 15. Modern agriculture involves large areas of land being used to grow o___ type of crop and leads to o______ of p_______ which k___ wildlife and causes water p_______ ish uotas arm ore roductive ne veruse esticides ills ollution

6. ertilisers nsecticide • Farmers use f________, i__________, f_________ and h_________ chemicals to make their land more productive • Tropical rain forests are b______ to allow crops to be grown which leads to soil e_______ and loss of soil f_______ and m_____ CO2 released into the a___ ungicide erbicide urned rosion ertility ir ore

7. agricultural Sea water Rubbish, litter

8. X Use alternative fuels/remove acid gases from smoke / scrubbing / filters on chimneys Y Treat sewage before discharge Z Use catalytic converters / unleaded petrol / reduce traffic / use public transport

9. Litter, sewage Fertilisers / pesticides industrial

10. X Kills wildlife / over use of pesticides and weedkillers / trees and hedges removed Soil erosion / loss of important plant species / loss of soil fertility / burning releases CO2 Y Large number of bacteria use up oxygen /animals die / algal blooms occur Z

11. cockle hydrobia ragworm

12. curlew Ringed plover Decrese in godwits / curlews / plovers / wading birds Or Decrese in hydrobia / ragworm Pollution indicator species

13. Oxygen decreases then increases

14. sewage decreasing / food supply decreasing 7 Lowest oxygen concentration Pollution indicator species

16. 8 126 93 30

17. Increasing numbers of bacteria use up lots of oxygen / increased respiration (Pollution) indicator species