present perfect

1. present perfect

2. Present Perfect Tense Present Perfect Tense can describe A COMPLETED ACTION in the RECENT PAST. The RESULTcan be seeeeeeeeeeeeen. He has opened the door. The door is open now. Ayşe has cleaned the board. The board is clean now. They have eaten their hamburgers. They’re not hungry now.

3. We have tidied our rooms. Our rooms are tidy now. He has cut his finger. His finger is bleeding now.

4. I have cleaned the table. It is cleannow. • He has opened the door. It is opennow. • Ali has broken his computer. It is brokennow. • Teams have scored a lot of goals this season. • Astronomers have discovered some stars this century. • My mother has prayed a lot this week.

5. Present Perfect Shows UNFINISHED TIME: Unfinished time ? F u t u r e 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9………………………………………24 hours P a s t Now 08.30 a.m. t o d a y Today isn’t finished, It is half past eight now….

6. Present Perfect Shows UNFINISHED TIME: Unfinished time ? M T W T F S S F u t u r e P a s t this week This week isn’t finished, It is WEDNESDAY today….

7. Present Perfect Shows UNFINISHED TIME: Unfinished time ? F u t u r e A J F M M J J A S O N D P a s t this year This year isn’t finished, It is APRIL now….

8. The present perfect is OFTEN used with SINCE & FOR To express the UNFINISHED PAST. I have studied Spanish since I graduated from university. now I have STUDied . 1988 I graduated from university

9. I haven’t seen you sinceTHURSDAY. Tuesday I haven’t seen Since . . Now Friday Sunday Monday Saturday Thursday

10. I have seen a lot of beautiful places in my life. P a s t 2011 I have seen beautiful places . Now 1997 Went America 2004 Went China 1999 Went Spain 2006 Went Italy

11. I was a teacher 22 years ago. + I am a teacher NOW I HAVE BEEN a teacher for 22 years. P a s t for 22 years. Now . . 1989 2011

12. Since: shows STARTING point in the past Her sister HAS lived there since 1987. I HAVEnotRIDDEN a donkey since I was 7. We were both in the Independence War. But We HAVEnotSEEN each other SINCE.

13. Since: shows STARTING point in the past Her sister HAS lived there since 1987. 2007 P a s t Now . Present 1987 Since 1987

14. Since: shows STARTING point in the past I HAVEnotRIDDEN a donkey since I was 7. 2007 P a s t Now 1972 . I am 42 years old. present Since I was seven

15. Since: shows STARTING point in the past We were both in the Independence War. But We HAVEnotSEEN each other SINCE. 2007 P a s t Now . present the Independence War

16. For: shows DURATION She has lived here for 15 years. I haven’t ridden a donkey for 8 years. They have been in prison for 6 months.

17. For: shows DURATION She has lived here for 19 years. 2011 Now P a s t . present 1992 For 19 years

18. For: shows DURATION I haven’t ridden a donkey for 8 years. P a s t 2003 2011 Now . present for 8 years.

19. For: shows DURATION They have been in prison for 6 months. for 6 months April . Now October

20. JUST, ALREADY, YET, RECENTLY, LATELY I haveJUSTreceived a letter. She hasJUSTgone out. The teacher hasJUSTeaten a toast. They have JUST washed the dishes. We haveALREADYdone our homework. You haveALREADYcome here. He hasALREADYbrushed his hair. The doctor hasALREADYexamined the patient.

21. JUST, ALREADY, YET, RECENTLY, LATELY Lately: recently, in recent times The architects have built several buildings LATELY. The students have solved a lot of questions LATELY. Ali has studied hard RECENTLY. She has painted her room RECENTLY. Recently: lately, in recent times son günlerde, son zamanlarda, bu yakında, bu aralar

22. JUST, ALREADY, YET, RECENTLY, LATELY (?) (not) Have you cleaned the car yet? Has she bought a tv yet? Have they answered your letter yet? He hasnot/hasn’teaten his toast yet. We havenot /haven’tdone our homework yet. She hasnot / hasn’twatered the flowers yet.

23. Up to the present, SO FAR, till now Nobody has cleaned the room UP TO THE PRESENT. They have watered seven fields SO FAR. The patient has only drunk water TILL NOW. So far: up until now, until this moment, thus far Ever, never Have you everseen Rize? Have you evervisited a foreign country? Has he everbought you a bunch of flowers? I haveneverseen a kangaroo. She hasneversent me a letter. We haveneverhurt each other.

24. Gone to, been to She has gone to Ankara. She is in Ankara now. They have gone to Istanbul. They are in Istanbul now. She has been to ANKARA. (She went there but she isn’tthere now.) They have been to Istanbul. (They went to Istanbul butthey are not in Istanbul, now)

25. She hasgone to Ankara. She is in Ankara now. Ankara Kastamonu . . She is still in Ankara. She hasgone to Ankara.

26. They have been to Istanbul. (They went to Istanbul but they are not in Istanbul, now) Kastamonu Istanbul . .

27. E x e r c i s e s • TRANSLATE INTO TURKISH • How many books have you read so far? • They have vacuumed the carpets. • I’ve already seen that film. • The soldiers haven’t arrived yet. • How long have you been a teacher? • My brother has eaten seven eggs today. • Don’t wash that shirt. I’ve washed it. • We have eaten too much chicken since we began • the journey.

28. They haveneverclimbed that mountain. How much money have you paid for this car? Your father is looking for you. Where have you been? She hasnoteaten anything since she got up. They havenotseen each other for five years.