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The Achaemenid Empire: Ancient Persian Power and Zoroastrian Dualism

Explore the rise of the Achaemenid Empire under Cyrus the Great and Darius the Great, key battles with Greece like Marathon and Salamis, and the influence of Zoroastrianism in ancient Persia. Learn about the Persian religion, Zoroastrian dualism, and the impact on Greek-Renaissance and Archaic Period in Greece. Delve into Athenian democracy, the Peloponnesian War, and the shifts of power in Sparta and Thebes during the Classical Period.

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The Achaemenid Empire: Ancient Persian Power and Zoroastrian Dualism

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  1. The Persians • The Achaemenid Empire (550-420 BC) • Cyrus the Great (559-530) • Cambyses II (530-522) • Darius the Great (521-486) • First War between Persia and Greece • Battle of Marathon (490) • Xerxes the Great (486-465) • Second War between Persia and Greece • Battles of Thermopylae and Salamis (480) Key Terms Achaemenid Empire Cyrus the Great Darius the Great Battle of Marathon Xerxes the Great

  2. The Persians (cont’d) • Ancient Persian Religion • Early Religion • Zoroastrianism • Zarathustra (Zoroaster) • The Gathas • God = Ahura Mazda (“Wise Lord”) • Attributes = Amesha-Spentas • Devil = Angra Mainya • Zoroastrian Dualism Key Terms Zoroastrianism

  3. The Greek “Renaissance”(c. 900-750 BCE) • Aristocratic Rule • The Rise of the Polis • Panhellenism • Writing and the Invention of the Alphabet Key Terms polis

  4. Greek Archaic Period(c. 750-500 BCE) Key Terms Solon miasma Cleisthenes • Solon of Athens (594-560) • miasma • Invention of Democracy in Athens (510)

  5. Greek Classical Period (500-335) • The Athenian Empire • The Peloponnesian War (431-404) • Spartan Supremacy (404-371) • Theban Supremacy (371-361) Key Terms Peloponnesian War

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