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Shaul Livnay PhD Tel Aviv University

Hypnotic means of enhancing “ being ” towards the improvement of “ doing ” : strategies in dealing with people suffering from performance anxieties. Shaul Livnay PhD Tel Aviv University.

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Shaul Livnay PhD Tel Aviv University

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  1. Hypnotic means of enhancing “being” towards the improvement of “doing”: strategies in dealing with people suffering from performance anxieties. Shaul Livnay PhD Tel Aviv University

  2. Years of working with persons suffering from test anxiety and other forms of anxieties around performing (stage fright, music, acting, interviews) have led me to develop a nine stage approach, which can be flexibly adjusted and “tailored” to each person’s specific needs & style.

  3. The approach has been successful with a wide range of people. The presentation will describe common dynamics, methods & outcome.

  4. Types of patients • High school students before matriculation exams • Medical residents (new immigrants) • Musicians, artists • Public speaking • Young, bashful men

  5. Diagnostic considerations: • Social anxiety/phobia? • Specific/general • Test anxiety/performance

  6. Common characteristics: • Low self esteem • Perfectionism • Narcissistic grandiose/depleted • Fear of success

  7. Oliver (1997) studied a variety of treatments for performance anxiety of musicians • Relaxation therapies • Cognitive behavioral techniques • Beta-adrenergic blocking agents

  8. Prior (1990):Ericksonian hypnosis in treat of examination panic • Exaggerated information gathering • How to fail questions • Time distortion • Relaxation • Automatic writing • Time progression

  9. Stanton (1996):15 minutes solution in reducing test anxiety • The switch • Anchor this • Install belief • Rapid induction

  10. Sapp (1991) effects of cognitive behavioral hypnosis in reducing test anxiety & improving academic performance • 4 sessions of hypnosis • Decrease in test anxiety • Improvements in achievement • Hypnosis group vs controls

  11. Hart & Hart (1996) used hypnosis to induce relaxation & change attitudes about examinations • Hypnosis rated most valuable in test anxiety management workshop • Vs study skills and cognitive techniques

  12. Gruzelier et al (2001) compared immune & relaxation related imagery on exam stress • Found direct immune imagery to be more effective than relaxation imagery on immunity, health & mood

  13. Laidlaw et al (2003) examined mood changes after self hypnosis & Johrei before exams • Both techniques buffered rise in anxiety & depression towards exams

  14. Lodato (1990):improvement of athletic performance of hockey players • Self hypnosis • Task analysis • Behavioral rehearsal • Video of model performance • Visualization • Practice

  15. Stanton (1994):reduction of performance anxiety in music students • Breathing induction • Visual imagery (clouds, lake) • Verbal suggestions linking images to increased mental control

  16. Loosening the “certainty” of failure

  17. Reframing of past concepts of self hypnosis to include phobic behavior

  18. Future Progression to point following success

  19. Creation of:#“positive” anchor (resources, setting which enables success )

  20. #“negative” anchor (arousal of anxiety response, and channeling it out)

  21. Rehearsals of positive performance

  22. “Treatment” of examiners and judges

  23. Visual & auditory effects in the “treatment” of the audience

  24. Final rehearsal with suggestions of positive discrimination (this time, you can…)

  25. Are these “transference cures”result of positive anticipation and suggestion?Is there a danger of setting depression/disappointment in case of failure?

  26. Contact info: • Shaul Livnay PhD • +972-54-434-1202 • livnays@012.net.il, Shaul@Livnay.ws • http://www.livnay.ws

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