3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

1. 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

2. Essential Question • What are the structures of the nervous system? 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

3. Introduction: Structures of the nervous system 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

4. Cellular structures of the nervous system Neuron- a nerve cell • Extensions of the neuron • Dendrites - many • Axon - one 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

5. Cellular structures of the nervous system Neuron- a nerve cell • Myelin sheath - a special covering of the axon • Synapse – the space between neurons 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

6. Structures of the nervous system • Central nervous system • Brain • Spinal cord 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

7. Structures of the nervous system • Peripheral nervous system • Nerves • Cranial nerves • Spinal nerves • Sensory receptors 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

8. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

9. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN • Cerebrum • Divided into two hemispheres (right and left) • Frontal lobe • Occipital lobe • Parietal lobe • Temporal lobe 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

10. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN • Diencephalon • Located between the cerebrum and the midbrain • Structures • Thalamus • Hypothalamus • Pineal body • Pituitary gland 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

11. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN • Diencephalon • Thalamus – spherical mass of gray matter; deep in the cerebral hemispheres • Hypothalamus – lies below the thalamus; part of the limbic system • Pineal body – endocrine system gland • Pituitary gland – endocrine system gland 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

12. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN • Limbic system • Located in the center of the brain • Encircles the top of the brain stem. • Composed of the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulated gyrus, and other intricate structures. (Informational only for reference.) 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

13. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN • Cerebellum 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

14. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN Brainstem • Midbrain • Pons • Medulla oblongata 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

15. Meninges Dura mater Outermost layer Arachnoid Middle layer Pia mater Innermost layer Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

16. Structures of the central nervous system: BRAIN • Ventricles - lined cavities deep within the brain • filled with cerebrospinal fluid • Choroid plexus – rich network of blood vessels 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

17. Surrounded by the vertebrae, meninges, and cerebrospinal fluid Structures of the central nervous system: Spinal Cord 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

18. Peripheral nervous system 12 cranial nerves 31 pairs of spinal nerves Structures of the central nervous system: Spinal Cord 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

19. Structures of the central nervous system • I. Olfactory • II. Optic • III. Oculomotor • IV. Trochlear • V. Trigeminal • VI. Abducens • VII. Facial • VIII. Vestibulocochlear • IX. Glossopharyngeal • X. Vagus • XI. Accessory • XII. Hypoglossal Cranial nerves 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

20. Peripheral nervous system 31 pairs of spinal nerves Structures of the central nervous system 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

21. Peripheral nervous system 12 cranial nerves 31 pairs of nervous Structures of the central nervous system Anterior View Posterior view 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

22. Motor system Autonomic nervous system Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic nervous system Somatic nervous system Structures of the central nervous system 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

23. Sympathetic nervous system Extends from the base of the brain, along both sides of the spinal column These nerves connect to all internal organs Parasympathetic nervous system The vagus nerve connects the medulla with organs of the upper body The pelvic nerve emerges from the spinal cord and connects with the organs of the lower body Structures of the central nervous system Autonomic nervous system 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

24. These nerves are located along the spinal cord. Connect skeleton, muscles and joints to the brain. Structures of the central nervous system Somatic nervous system 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

25. Structures of the central nervous system Check your knowledge… 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

26. Structures of the nervous system Remember this! 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system

27. Essential question • What are the structures of the nervous system? 3.01 Remember the structures of the nervous system