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Intestinal` Protozoa

Intestinal` Protozoa. Giardia lamblia. Giardia trophozoites (light microscope). Giardia trophozoites ( SEM). Giardia trophozoites (light microscope). Giardia cyst (light microscope). Giardia trophozoites (light microscope). Trichrome stain. Unstained.

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Intestinal` Protozoa

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  1. Intestinal` Protozoa

  2. Giardia lamblia Giardia trophozoites (light microscope) Giardia trophozoites ( SEM)

  3. Giardia trophozoites (light microscope)

  4. Giardia cyst (light microscope)

  5. Giardia trophozoites (light microscope) Trichrome stain Unstained

  6. Giardia lamblia : Life cycle

  7. Giardia cyst (light microscope) Trichrome stain Unstained

  8. Giardia trophozoites in tissue section

  9. Giardia cyst and trophozoites IH stain

  10. Giadriasis: Clinical Picture • Asymptomatic infections ( majority) • Symptomatic Infections: • Typical picture: IP 1-2 wks followed by diarrhoea for about 6 wks, • Atypical : Severe diarrhoea , malabsorption especially in children

  11. Giardiasis: Laboratory diagnosis • Stools examination :cysts or trophozoits • Examination of duodenal contents : trophozoites

  12. Giardiasis: Chemotherapy • Drug of choice: Metronidazole

  13. Intestinal Amoebae

  14. Entamoeba coli

  15. Iodamoeba butschlii trophozoite

  16. Iodamoeba butschlii cyst

  17. Endolimax nana cyst Endolimax nana cyst

  18. Endolimax nana trophozoite Endolimax nana cyst

  19. E. polecki cyst • E. polecki trophozoite

  20. Entamoeba coli(drawing) Entamoeba coli (Eosin)

  21. Entamoeba coli ( cyst)

  22. Entamoeba coli ( trophozoite) Entamoeba coli ( trophozoite) Entamoeba coli ( trophozoite)

  23. Entamoeba hartmanni

  24. Entamoeba hartmanni

  25. Entamoeba histolytica

  26. Entamoeba histolytica

  27. E. histolytica E. histolytica

  28. Entamoeba histolytica

  29. Entamoeba histolytica

  30. ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA… 500 million people are infected. 100,000 deaths per year. Worldwide distribution. It is a waterborne infection. There are 6 species of Entamoeba: histolytica dispar hartmanni coli gingivalis polecki

  31. E. histolytica vs E. dispar Entamoeba histolytica : amoebae that are pathogenic. E. dispar The non invasive form . The 2 amoebae can’t be distinguish by microscopic observation.

  32. Entamoeba histolytica • Mode of infection • Water, food • Flies can act as vector.. • Can be sexually transmitted person -to -person contacts • Not a zoonosis

  33. Entamoeba histolytica Life cycle Trophozoite: vegetative stage, must encyst to survive in the environment. It is a fragile structure. Pre cyst: encysting trophozoites disgorging any undigested food. Cyst: infective stage. Resist to the harsh conditions of the environment.

  34. Entamoeba histolytica The infective dose can be as little as 1 cyst. be as little as 1 cyst. The incubation period can be from few days to can be from few days to few weeks depending on the infective dose Cysts can survive for weeks at appropriate weeks at appropriate temperature and humidity.

  35. Entamoeba histolytica PATHOLOGY Intsetinal amoebiasis : Remarkable and unique ability a to hydrolyse host host tissues with their active cysteine proteases present on the surface membrane of the trophozoite. Lesions are found in the caecum, appendix, or colon. They may heal. If perforation of the colon occurs, They may heal. If perforation of the colon occurs, My lead to a peritonitis that can lead to death. Amoeboma Granuloma obstructing the bowel

  36. PATHOLOGY:Intsetinal amoebiasis :

  37. PATHOLOGY:Intsetinal amoebiasis :

  38. PATHOLOGY : Intsetinal amoebiasis Complications

  39. PATHOLOGY Intsetinal amoebiasis : Entamoeba histolytica

  40. PATHOLOGY Intsetinal amoebiasis : Entamoeba histolytica

  41. PATHOLOGY Intsetinal amoebiasis : E. Histolytica in mucosa. in mucosa. Numerous Numerous trophozoites can be seen with ingested seen with ingested erythrocytes.

  42. PATHOLOGY: Extra-intsetinal amoebiasis :

  43. Main Drugs for Treatment of Amoebiasis • Intestinal : • Asynpromatic (cysts only): diloxanide furoate (Furamide) • Sympromatic(cysts and trophozoites): metronidazole • Extra-intestinal: • Metronidazole

  44. Free-living Amoebae: Naegleria fowleri and Acanthamoeba

  45. Acanthamoeba keratitis • Patient upon presentation with Acanthamoeba keratitis. No severe pain was experienced by this patient, which made diagnosis difficult

  46. Acanthamoeba keratitis • The same patient who had just developed a classic ring infiltrate

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