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Nationalism. A force of unity or disunity??. What is it and Where does it hit?. Definition Grew out of French Revolution Areas- Latin America, Italy, Germany, Ottoman Empire (Balkans), and Russia. Sparks fly in the Ottoman Empire. Greece demands independence in 1821
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Nationalism A force of unity or disunity??
What is it and Where does it hit? • Definition • Grew out of French Revolution • Areas- Latin America, Italy, Germany, Ottoman Empire (Balkans), and Russia
Sparks fly in the Ottoman Empire • Greece demands independence in 1821 • Most governments against revolution • Greek Revolution popular around the world • Lord Byron • Britain, France and Russia help Greece gain independence
Ethnic Uprisings • Belgians declared independence from Dutch • Italians unite • Germans unite • Poles revolt against Russia • 1848- many uprisings • Czech • Hungary
Reform and Revolution in France • Radicals involved in uprisings • In 1830, Charles X tried to return- failed • Louis- Philippe • Alphonse de Lamartine • Louis- Napoleon (Napoleon III)
Reforms in Russia • Backwards country- serfdom still in place • Czar Nicholas I • Czar Alexander II
Italian Unification • Controlled by Austria and Spain • Giuseppe Mazzini- Young Italy • Camillo di Cavour • Giuseppe Garibaldi- Red Shirts • Problems After Unification
German Unification • 39 states formed German Confederation • Prussian king, Wilhelm I wanted reform • Wanted reforms in military and needed money • Parliament refused • Looked to Junker class to help • Chose Otto von Bismarck as prime minister
German Unification cont’d • Bismarck assumes control • Realpolitik • Ruled without parliaments consent • Very ambitious (power hungry) • Picked wars with other countries for land • Austria, France • King Wilhelm I becomes kaiser • Germany and Britain become powerhouses in 1871
Nationalism- A force of Unity or Disunity? • Building of new nations- Italy, Greece, & Germany • Breaking down of empires- Russia, Ottomans, & Austro- Hungarian Empire
Revolution in the Arts • 3 movements in the arts in the 19th c. • Romanticism- shows deep interest in nature, thoughts and feelings • Grimm brothers, Shelley, Lord Byron, Beethoven • Realism- shows life as it is, not as it should be • Dickens, Daguerre • Impressionism- tries to capture a brief moment in time • Claude Monet, Edouard Manet, Edgar Degas, Pierre- Auguste Renoir