1 / 20

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation. 9.1: Cellular Respiration. Chemical Energy and Food. 1. How is energy expressed in food? - in CALORIES 2. What is a calorie? - THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY NEEDED TO RAISE THE TEMPERATURE OF 1 GRAM OF WATER 1 DEGREE CELCIUS. 3. How is calorie expressed?

sybill-brooks
Download Presentation

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

  2. 9.1: Cellular Respiration

  3. Chemical Energy and Food 1. How is energy expressed in food? - in CALORIES 2. What is a calorie? - THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY NEEDED TO RAISE THE TEMPERATURE OF 1 GRAM OF WATER 1 DEGREE CELCIUS. 3. How is calorie expressed? - with a capital C (Kilocalorie, or 1000 calories) 4. What types of macromolecules cells use for food? - FATS, PROTEINS, CARBOHYDRATES

  4. Chemical Energy and Food 5. How can we tell how much energy is stored in different macromolecules? - Their CHEMICAL STRUCTURES (varies) - energy storing bonds will be different Example:

  5. Chemical Energy and Food 6. How do cells burn food and release energy? - Break down food molecules gradually - capture chemical energy - cells use this energy (stored in bonds) to make ATP.

  6. Cellular Respiration 7. What is Cellular Respiration? - PROCESS THAT RELEASES ENERGY FROM FOOD IN THE PRESENCE OF OXYGEN. 8. What is the chemical reaction for cellular respiration? 6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy Oxygen + Glucose Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

  7. Stages of Cellular Respiration 9. How many stages in Cellular Respiration? - 3 10. What are the stages? - Glycolysis - Krebs Cycle - Electron Transport Chain (ETC) 11. Oxygen is required at the end of the ETC. Cells use oxygen to increase energy. 12. AEROBIC- cellular respiration that requires oxygen

  8. Stages of Cellular Respiration 13. KREBS CYCLE and ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN are aerobic cycles. 14. ANAEROBIC – does not require oxygen , and does not rely on oxygen –requiring processes to function. 15. GLYCOLYSIS is an anaerobic process. ( The end products of glycolysis are key reactants for aerobic stages.

  9. Glycolysis 16. First Reaction in Cellular Respiration 17. Glycolysis means “ Sugar-breaking” 18. Glycolysis reactions transform glucose into 2 molecules of 3C molecule Pyruvic acid. 19. As glucose bonds are broken, energy is released. 20. What are the steps in glycolysis? - ATP production - NADPH production

  10. Glycolysis

  11. Glycolysis Breakdown of Glycolysis 28. 4 ATP are made (synthesized) from 4ADP 29. Out of the 4 ATP molecules 2 ATP is donated by glycolysis 30. This process is super fast, and can produce an abundant (a lot) of ATP molecules that are used for energy. 31. Does NOT require oxygen 32. 2 molecules of Pyruvic acid are produced from the breakdown of glucose.

  12. Krebs Cycle • In the presence of oxygen, the pyruvic acid (produced in glycolysis) moves to the Krebs Cycle. • Pyruvic acid is broken down into Carbon Dioxide • This stage of cellular respiration is known as the citric acid cycle, because citric acid is the first compound made in this stage.

  13. Krebs Cycle

  14. Krebs Cycle

  15. Electron Transport and ATP Syntesis

  16. Fermentation Fermentation is the process that releases energy from food in the absence of oxygen. 47. During Fermentation NADH to NAD+ by passing electrons back to pyruvicacid.This allows glycolysis to produce a constant supply of ATP. 48. Fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm. 49. Fermentation is an anaerobic process, and paired with glycolysis are called anaerobic respiration. 50. There are two types of fermentation: ALCOHOLIC fermentation, and LACTIC ACID fermentation.

  17. Fermentation

  18. Fermentation

  19. Fermentation ENERGY For short , quick bursts of energy the body uses ATP already in the muscles, as well as ATP made by lactic acid fermentation. For longer exercises or activities, cellular respiration is the only way to generate a continues supply of ATP

More Related