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The business of e-resources and print serials publishing. Perspective from a society publisher

The business of e-resources and print serials publishing. Perspective from a society publisher. Yann Amouroux Regional Manager, Journals IOP Publishing UKSG Seminar Dublin, June 2010. Agenda. Why are publishers around? Some background on IOP Some background on Publishing globally

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The business of e-resources and print serials publishing. Perspective from a society publisher

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  1. The business of e-resources and print serials publishing. Perspective from a society publisher Yann Amouroux Regional Manager, Journals IOP Publishing UKSG Seminar Dublin, June 2010

  2. Agenda • Why are publishers around? • Some background on IOP • Some background on Publishing globally • The evolving world of Science, Technology and Medical (STM) publishing • The economics of Publishing

  3. Why do journal publishers exist? • First peer-reviewed journal founded in 1665 by Royal Society • Journal publishing has evolved dramatically since, but its core functions remain: • Registration of new research findings • Quality assurance through peer review • Dissemination globally • Archiving in perpetuity

  4. The Institute of Physics • Scientific charity founded in 1874 • Promote and support physics in furthering scientific knowledge • Provide economic and social benefits in the UK and Ireland, and internationally – especially in the developing world. • Increase the practice, understanding and application of physics • Worldwide membership of 36,000+ • Fund scientific communities (IOP divisions and groups) • Leading communicator of physics-related science to all audiences, from specialists through to government and the general public. • Offers free or concessionary digital membership to physicists from developing countries • “Development Aid” programme currently benefits researchers in over 30 countries

  5. IOP Publishing • Wholly owned subsidiary of IOP • Mission: “To disseminate a knowledge of Physics” • IOP 2009 300 staff in six countries • Offices in Bristol (UK), Washington DC and Philadelphia (USA) • Sales and editorial offices in Russia, China, Japan, Germany and Poland • Cooperation with many smaller societies in Europe and worldwide

  6. Publishing globally • 2,000 publishers publish around 1.5 million peer reviewed articles per year in 23,000 journals • The industry employs (directly) 110,000 globally: 40,000+ in EU, 10,000 in UK • There are a few major commercial publishers with hundreds of titles each and hundreds of smaller society publishers often owner of just one title • In the last 10 years major changes in publishing practice affected all

  7. 26% Others Publishing globally: Publishers in STM Articles published Elsevier Others Wiley- Blackwell APS IOP Springer IEEE AIP Wolters Kluwer Taylor & Francis ACS

  8. Publishing globally: Subject areas in STM

  9. What do journal publishers do? • Organise editorial boards • Launch new specialist journals • 5,000 new editors per year • 500 new journals launched per year • 3 million+ article submissions per year Solicit and manage submissions • 2.5 million+ referees • 3.75 million+ referee reports per year • 50%+ of submissions rejected Manage peer review • 40 million articles available digitally, back to early 1800s Archive and promote Edit and prepare • 12 million researchers • 4,500+ institutions • 180+ countries • 1 billion+ downloads/year • 10 million+ printed pages/year • 125,000 editors • 350,000 editorial board members • 30 million+ author/publisher communications per year Publish and disseminate Production • 1.5 million new articles produced per year • 350 years of back issues scanned, processed and data-tagged Note: industry estimates based on known numbers for a subset of the industry that are then scaled to 100% based on the article share of the known subset.

  10. Growth in total journals, global R&D workers and STM articles 1996-2007

  11. Solicit and manage submissions • Organise editorial boards • Launch new specialist journals Manage peer review Archive and promote Publish and disseminate Edit and prepare Production Bold = Estimated cumulative investment since 2000 Author Submission & Editorial Systems >£70 million Electronic Platforms, e.g. ScienceDirect Wiley InterScience Highwire Scopus >£1500 million Other support and related systems >£300 million eJournal Backfiles eReference Works >£150 million Electronic Warehousing >£60 million Production Tracking Systems >£50 million

  12. Economics of Publishing: Delivering research content • Journals / E-Books • Print • Online • Combination • Packages / Bundles • By subject • By format (e.g. electronic bundle) • With / without archive • Consortium • Some institutions or whole country

  13. Economics of Publishing: Monthly downloads of research papers (IOP Publishing figures)

  14. Economics of Publishing: Acquiring research content • The ability for libraries to keep up with output is not growing • Library budgets under pressure • Funding agencies and government bodies engaging with the community • Wellcome Trust • National Institutes for Health • PubMed • Expectation that research will be openly available as soon as possible • Typical embargo: 6-12 months

  15. Economics of Publishing Average University & Library spend Source: SCONUL (Society of College, National and University Libraries) 100% 100% Other O/H 14% Research & Overhead 68% Staff 50% Other info 8% Books 9% Instruction 29% Journals 19% 2.3% Library 2.7% University Library

  16. Economics of Publishing • Research output is growing • Scientists can’t read every paper anymore • New services available to help scientists identify and obtain content • Publishers need to ensure that their content is accessible in whatever way the researcher may want to access it and invest in necessary technology

  17. Economics of Publishing • Pricing • Per title, per article, per subject group? • Open Access for all? Institution fees? • Universities repository, how costly and effective will that be to academics? • Is there a future for “Big Deals”? • New metrics coming into place: usage factor, cost per download… • Cost cutting • Price freeze, limited investment…

  18. Summary – What for, Publishers? • Provide the vehicles through which a scientist can further their career • Set high standards of research output • Act as a quality filter • Provide a professional and seamless peer review service to ensure high standards are being achieved • Provide the means by which content can be easily accessed • Invest in relationship with libraries, researchers and resellers • Continue to invest in offering a high standard of service • IT, expertise, systems, new processes and methods • Listen to our communities • Adapt business models • Provide users what they want • Ensure that published content is available in whatever way the user wishes to access that content

  19. One scientist’s view • Philip Bourne, Ph.D., University of California, San Diego, Editor-in-Chief, PLoS Computational Biology • “Will the contract between scientist and publisher change to be more than one of handling final manuscripts to one of maintaining the workflow of scholarly discourse - ideas, hypotheses, protocols, data, interpretations of these data, and conclusions, all in a variety of formats and modes of dissemination”. • STM International Conference, Cambridge MA 29 April 2010

  20. Thank you • Any questions? Yann Amouroux IOP Publishing, Bristol, UK yann.amouroux@iop.org Tel: 0044 117 9301117

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