TerrAfrica: Scaling Up Sustainable Land Management in Sub-Saharan Africa

1. 1) Overview 2) Where does TerrAfrica come from? 3) Business Model 4) Resource Mobilization TERRAFRICA EXPLAINED 2-4 May Johannesburg, South Africa

2. OVERVIEW COMMON VISION • Current trends of land degradation and unsustainable land management in SSA negatively impact rural land use productivity & security of ecosystem functions. • Scaling up SLM necessary to reverse these trends, thereby address a major obstacle to economic growth in SSA. • This is a common goal shared by a wide range of stakeholders. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment – poverty strongly linked to degradation of ecosystem services OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

3. LAND DEGRADATION PHYSICAL IMPACT • Land degradation affects about 65 per cent of Africa’s population1 • Unless action is taken, it is projected that two-thirds of arable land in SSA could be non-productive by 20252 • It is also projected that under current land management practices 25 countries will become water scarce by 20253 1 Reich et al. (2001) 2 Millenium Ecosystem Assessment Desertification Synthesis Report (2004) 3 World Bank (2003) MDG 7 –ensure environmental sustainability OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

4. LAND DEGRADATION Source: From data in Oldeman et al. (1990) OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

5. LAND DEGRADATION ECONOMIC IMPACT • Agriculture provides employment for two- thirds of working Africans and generates one-third of the continent’s Gross National Income • Over 3 per cent of agricultural GDP in Africa is lost annually as a direct result of soil and nutrient loss1 • This translates to an estimated loss in gross annual income of USD 9 billion per year2 • Thus land degradation is clearly a genuine constraint to economic growth 1 Drechsel and Gyiele 1999 2 GTZ CCD Factsheet on Desertification (cite: Dregne 1991) MDG 1 – Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

6. LAND DEGRADATION OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

7. OVERVIEW HOW CAN WE SCALE UP SLM? Past experiences point to a range of barriers, or bottlenecks, which need to be dismantled if SLM is to be effectively and efficiently scaled up: OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

8. BARRIERS AND BOTTLENECKS SLM must be moved into the political mainstream and not be pigeon-holed as an agricultural or env. prob There is a need to develop a coherent picture of the root causes and optimal solutions for SLM and provide rigorous tools and data to support SLM investment The effective adoption of SLM practices requires the institutional capacity to shape policies – such as regulatory frameworks and incentive systems – at both the local and national levels Foreign and domestic investment needs to be scaled-up to reflect the scale of the problem, but also harmonized and aligned to ensure such investment is efficient Unless delivery mechanisms are diversified and aligned, and backed up by strong monitoring and evaluation systems, implementation cannot be carried out effectively • INSTITUTIONAL AND SECTORAL BARRIERS • KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT • POLICY BARRIERS • FINANCIAL BARRIERS • IMPLEMENTATION BARRIERS OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

9. BARRIERS AND BOTTLENECKS • INSTITUTIONAL AND SECTORAL BARRIERS • KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT • POLICY BARRIERS • FINANCIAL BARRIERS • IMPLEMENTATION BARRIERS By directly addressing these bottlenecks, TerrAfrica aims to create the enabling environment for scaling up and mainstreaming SLM at the country level. OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

10. OVERVIEW THE TERRAFRICA APPROACH TerrAfrica addresses these bottlenecks by harmonizing activity through a work partnership, organized around three mutually reinforcing “Activity Lines”: • Coalition Building (AL1) • Knowledge Management (AL2) • Investments (AL3) OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

11. SUMMARY THE NEED . . Scale up SLM in SSA • Institutional • Knowledge and technology dissemination • Policy • Financing • Implementation THE PROBLEM . . Previous approaches have not taken enough account of critical bottlenecks to implementing SLM. A NEW APPROACH IS NEEDED . . • TERRAFRICA • A partnership, built around a work program based on three mutually reinforcing Activity Lines: • AL 1: Coalition Building • AL 2: Knowledge Management • AL 3: Investments TerrAfrica provides a collective vehicle for addressing bottlenecks, resulting in unlocking and increasing efficiency of financial and non-financial resources, allowing for . . .

12. 1) Overview 2) Where does TerrAfrica come from? 3) Business Model 4) Resource Mobilization TERRAFRICA EXPLAINED

13. WHERE DOES TERRAFRICA COME FROM? SLM – REGIONAL CONTEXT FOR ACTION • The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) Motivated by a will, especially amongst African countries, to address the problem of land degradation. Signed in 1994. • The Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Program (CAADP) The New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) launched CAADP in 2002 as an African-led commitment to address issues of growth in the agricultural sector, rural development and food security • NEPAD Action Plan of the Environment An integrated action plan designed to address environment challenges whilst also combating poverty and promoting socio-economic development. Launched in 2003. OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

14. WHERE DOES TERRAFRICA COME FROM? DESPITE THE INSTITUTIONAL SUCCESS . . . Land deg in SSA hasn’t attracted policy makers & donors’ attention in a way commensurate with the dimension of the problem. Past efforts essentially fragmented & ineffective. There is a will, esp. among African countries, to address prob of land degradation. But, for lack of appropriate policy env, in many areas, support for land deg short of s/holders expectations. OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

15. LESSONS LEARNT FROM PAST EXPERIENCES • PROBLEM • Too many overlapping and scattered programs and missions with conflicting objectives • Land degradation is too large a problem for a single institution to address alone • Narrow approaches have had a limited and un-sustained impact • Poor knowledge management has constrained the implementation of SLM scale-up • LESSON LEARNT • Better alignment and harmonization between stakeholders is required to reduce the drain on country resources • By pooling resources, a regional partnership can reduce transaction costs and achieve economies of scale across SSA • A comprehensive approach to SLM is required, which directly and jointly targets the identified barriers • Better tools are needed to assess the economic and social benefits of SLM • A vehicle is needed to share success stories and promote replication and benchmarking OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

16. WHERE DOES TERRAFRICA COME FROM? TERRAFRICA EXPLAINED • A partnership developed in association with African govts & TA Partners • Born out of a consultative process began in 2004 • TerrAfrica was launched in 2005 at UNCCD COP 7 in Kenya &CAADP donors retreat in Pretoria • Learning from past experiences, it endorses the principles of PARTNERSHIP, KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT and harmonized, aligned and scaled-up INVESTMENT at the country level • Its mission: • To create an enabling environment for mainstreaming and financing effective nationally-driven SLM strategies OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

17. 1) Overview 2) Where does TerrAfrica come from? 3) Business Model 4) Resource Mobilization TERRAFRICA EXPLAINED

18. QUICK RECAP VISION To scale up sustainable land management (SLM) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This is a common goal shared by a wide range of stakeholders. TERRAFRICA’S MISSION To create an enabling environment for mainstreaming and financing effective nationally-driven SLM strategies. OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

19. THE TERRAFRICA APPROACH SO WHAT IS THE TERRAFRICA BUSINESS MODEL? A BUSINESS PLAN . . . . AND A PARTNERSHIP • Business plan – a catalytic process that will result in leveraging of resources, • both at country & regional level • Partnership – its partnership based, coming together to create a harmonised & targeted • approach to SLM OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

20. TERRAFRICA – A BUSINESS PLAN THE BUSINESS PLAN The TerrAfrica business plan has been designed to directly target the bottlenecks which are currently preventing the scaling up of SLM. In order to remove these bottlenecks, three key themes, or Activity Lines (AL), are being pursued: • Coalition Building (AL1) • Knowledge Management (AL2) • Investments (AL3) OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

21. THE ACTIVITY LINES AL1 – COALITION BUILDING - Support African owned coalitions & partnerships for SLM at Regional & Global levels and develop dialogue & advocacy • CB improves cooperation & coordination between partners AL2 – KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT - Help TA partners identify, generate & disseminate data to inform policy decision making AL3 – INVESTMENTS - Advocates for adoption of SLM practices & mainstreaming into devpt strategies & policy dialogues and promote harmonisation of investment development & implementation, helping to leverage additional funding for SLM OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

22. UNDER EACH ACTIVITY LINE ARE TARGETED OBJECTIVES: Building African owned coalitions and strategic partnerships for SLM at regional and global levels 1) COALITION BUILDING Develop inclusive regional dialogue and advocacy on strategic priorities, enabling conditions, and delivery mechanisms 2) 3) Support high quality regional knowledge-based networks KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT Identification and generation of stronger analytical underpinnings 4) 5) Harmonize monitoring and evaluations systems Advocacy for and mainstreaming of SLM into development strategies and policy dialogues 6) INVESTMENTS 7) Investment harmonization, development and implementation

23. THE WORK PROGRAM For each objective there are a number of product lines with specific activities, from which is derived the annual work program. • 3-1. Alignment of priority regional knowledge based partnerships • Examples of activities: • Develop a strategy for knowledge generation and management (KGM) in the SLM context • Identify key KGM resources, institutions and actors relevant to SLM in Africa • Develop an SLM awareness raising strategy For example, objective 3: Support high quality regional knowledge-based networks 3) • 3-2. Results orientated knowledge-sharing mechanisms linking global, regional, national and local levels • Example of activities: • FIELD database updated and dissemination strengthened, emphasizing priority knowledge products related to TerrAfrica objectives

24. THE GOAL: Scale up SLM in SSA BUSINESS PLAN – SUMMARY 3 ACTIVITY LINES 7 KEY OBJECTIVES WORK PROGRAM PRODUCT LINES

25. THE TERRAFRICA APPROACH SO WHAT IS TERRAFRICA EXACTLY? A BUSINESS PLAN . . . . AND A PARTNERSHIP OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

26. TERRAFRICA – A PARTNERSHIP SUCCESS THROUGH JOINT ACTION The TerrAfrica Business Model is built on the realization, based on past experience, that no single institution can address the problems of land degradation alone. By acting through a joint work program, partners can leverage their own efforts, and organize and amplify their actions according to their respective COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES. OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

27. TERRAFRICA – A PARTNERSHIP THE PARTNERSHIP IS BASED ON THE FOLLOWING PRINCIPLES: African country ownership • Transparency and accountability • Action based partnership • Broad-based participation • Subsidiarity based on partners’ comparative advantage • Measureable and sustainable performance and results OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

28. 1) Overview 2) Where does TerrAfrica come from? 3) Business Model 4) Resource Mobilization TERRAFRICA EXPLAINED

29. RESOURCE MOBILIZATION TERRAFRICA IS NOT A FUND! • TA doesn’t exist to fund SLM projects. • By dismantling the bottlenecks currently preventing the scaling up and mainstreaming of nationally-driven SLM strategies, TA aims to help mobilize – or “unlock” – both resources already available and additional funds. • The bulk of resources for SLM already exist at country level. Hence some activities (under AL 3) are aimed at leveraging resources available at this level. OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

30. RESOURCE MOBILIZATION WHAT DOES COUNTRY-LEVEL‘RESOURCE MOBILIZATION’ INCLUDE? Financial resource mobilization includes: • All domestic and international, public and private funding • Increasing the efficiency of resource use through harmonization of investment and improved governance • Increasing scale of investment by unlocking existing but untapped resources, as well as attracting new resources to the SLM agenda OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

31. LEVERAGING GEF RESOURCES THE STRATEGIC INVESTMENT PROGRAM (SIP) • An inter-agency GEF funding for SLM up-scaling in SSA • Supports SSA efforts to design & manage programs that advance SLM mainstreaming, improve governance for SLM & catalyse investments • planned as a 12-year phased program, phase 1 (2007-2010) • It is guided by the GEF priority to commit substantial resources to SSA for SLM under GEF4 (OP15) OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

32. LEVERAGING GEF RESOURCES The GEF SIP • introduces innovations to facilitate for SSA engagement in SLM & alignment, incl: • CSIF – for countries to prioritise diagnostics & investments while aligning stakeholders & investors around those priorities PROGRESS • July 2006, NEPAD hosted 2nd TA Regional Prep w/shop to finalise SIP PB with African s/holders • Full PB to be presented at GEF Council in June OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

33. TERRAFRICA LEVERAGING FUND (TLF) The TerrAfrica Leveraging Fund Where specific needs related to TA’s agenda cant be adequately covered by existing funding mechanisms, the TLF can provide the resources needed. TLF - a multi-donor trust fund administered by WB. Provides a flexible financing mechanism to address these specific needs, particularly for Coalition Building (AL1) and Knowledge Management (AL2). The TLF could also occasionally provide seed funding for country dialogue, mainstreaming & pilot investments under AL3. OUR LAND – OUR WEALTH, OUR FUTURE, IN OUR HANDS

34. 1) Overview 2) Where does TerrAfrica come from? 3) Business Model 4) Resource Mobilization TERRAFRICA EXPLAINED Final Summary

35. SUMMARY THE NEED . . Scale up SLM in SSA • Institutional • Knowledge and technology dissemination • Policy • Financing • Implementation THE PROBLEM . . Previous approaches have not taken enough account of critical bottlenecks to implementing SLM. A NEW APPROACH IS NEEDED . . • TERRAFRICA • A partnership, built around a Business Model based on three mutually reinforcing Activity Lines: • AL 1: Coalition Building • AL 2: Knowledge Management • AL 3: Investments TerrAfrica provides a collective vehicle for addressing bottlenecks, resulting in unlocking and increasing efficiency of financial and non-financial resources, allowing for . . .

36. THANK YOU!