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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. TAIWAN PART 2: TYPHOONS, FLOODS, AND LANDSLIDES

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. TAIWAN PART 2: TYPHOONS, FLOODS, AND LANDSLIDES. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA . NATURAL HAZARDS THAT PLACE TAIWAN’S COMMUNITIES AT RISK. EARTHQUAKES. GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE. TYPHOONS. FLOODS.

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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. TAIWAN PART 2: TYPHOONS, FLOODS, AND LANDSLIDES

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  1. LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. TAIWANPART 2: TYPHOONS, FLOODS, AND LANDSLIDES Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA 

  2. NATURAL HAZARDS THAT PLACE TAIWAN’S COMMUNITIES AT RISK EARTHQUAKES GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE TYPHOONS FLOODS ENACT AND IMPLEMENT POLICIES HAVING HIGH BENEFIT/COST FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE LANDSLIDES ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

  3. TAIWAN

  4. TAIWAN

  5. TYPHOONS TAIWAN IS AT RISK EVERY YEAR FROM TROPICAL STORMS AND TYPHOONS FORMING IN THE WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN, ESPECIALLY IF THEY CAUSE DEVASTATING FLOODS AND LANDSLIDES AFTER LANDFALL

  6. CAUSES OF DAMAGE WIND PENETRATING BUILDING ENVELOPE UPLIFT OF ROOF SYSTEM FLYING DEBRIS STORM SURGE TYPHOONS IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN “DISASTER LABORATORIES” SITING PROBLEMS FLOODING AND LANDSLIDES

  7. TYPHOON HAZARDS • BLDG. INVENTORY • VULNERABILITY • LOCATION • PREPAREDNESS • PROTECTION • EARLY WARNING • EMERGENCY RESPONSE • RECOVERY and • RECONSTRUCTION TYPHOON RISK POLICY OPTIONS ACCEPTABLE RISK RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK GOAL: TYPHOON DISASTER RESILIENCE TAIWAN’S COMMUNITIES DATA BASES AND INFORMATION HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

  8. CAUSES OF DAMAGE SITING AND BUILDING ON UNSTABLE SLOPES SOIL AND ROCK SUCEPTIBLE TO FALLS SOIL AND ROCK SUCEPTIBLE TO TOPPLES SOIL AND ROCK SUCEPTIBLE TO SPREADS LANDSLIDES SOIL AND ROCK SUSCEPTIBLE TO FLOWS CASE HISTORIES PRECIPITATION THAT TRIGGERS SLOPE FAILURE SHAKING GROUND SHAKING THAT TRIGGERS SLOPE FAILURE

  9. Physics Of A Typhoon

  10. HAZARDS OF A SEVERE WINDSTORM (AKA POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS) • WIND FIELD [CAT 1 (55 mph) TO CAT 5+ (155 mph or greater)] • DEBRIS • STORM SURGE • HEAVY PRECIPITATION • LANDSLIDES (MUDFLOWS) • COSTAL EROSION

  11. LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL TYPHOONS • WITHOUT ADEQUATE PROTECTION, HIGH VELOCITY WIND WILL LIFT THE ROOF OFF OF NON-ENGINEERED BUILDINGS.

  12. LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL TYPHOONS. • DISASTER-INTELLIGENT COMMUNITIES USE TIMELYEARLY WARNING BASED ON CRITICAL INFORM-ATION TO EVACUATE PEOPLE AND PREPARE.

  13. TYPHOON MORACOT

  14. Morakot was the most devastating storm of the deadly 2009 Pacific typhoon season and was also the deadliest typhoon to impact Taiwan in recorded history

  15. PATH OF TYPHOON MORACOT: AUG 7, 2009

  16. MORACOT’S FLOODING

  17. CAUSES OF RISK LOSS OF FUNCTION OF STRUCTURES IN FLOODPLAIN INUNDATION INTERACTION WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS STRUCTURAL/CONTENTS DAMAGE FROM WATER FLOODS WATER BORNE DISEASES (HEALTH PROBLEMS) CASE HISTORIES EROSION AND MUDFLOWS CONTAMINATION OF GROUND WATER

  18. MORACOT’S IMPACTS • Morakot dumped a total of 2.5 meters (100 inches) of rain on the island.

  19. TYPHOON MORACOT: FLOODING CHIATUNG CO.

  20. TYPHOON MORACOT: SUBMERGED HOUSE

  21. TYPHOON MORACOT: COLLAPSE OF HOTEL

  22. TYPHOON MORACOT: RAILWAY BRIDGE DAMAGED

  23. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL TYPHOONS • CAPACITY FOR INTELLIGENT EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

  24. TYPHOON MORACOT: RESCUE WORKERS

  25. TYPHOON MORACOT: EVACUATION BY MILITARY

  26. TYPHOON MORACOT: EVACUATION OF ELDERLY

  27. OTHER NOTABLE TYPHOONS IMPACTING TAIWAN

  28. TYPHOON DUJUAN TIAWAN 1-3 SEPTEMBER THOUSANDS OF BUILDINGS AND HOMES INUNDATED AGRICULTURAL CROPS LOST $320 M LOSS $-- 0 INSURED LOSS 42 DEATHS NATURAL DISASTERS: 2003

  29. TYPHOON NARI (TIAWAN) $800 MILLION ECONOMIC LOSS PARTIAL INDEMNIFI-CATION BY INSURANCE 93 DEATHS NATURAL DISASTERS: 2001

  30. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL NATURAL HAZARDS • CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTIONIS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

  31. TYPHOON MORACOT: DEBRIS IN FUGANG HARBOR

  32. MAIN INSIGHTS FROM SEVERE WINDSTORMS • EARLY WARNING AND EVACUATION TO MOVE PEOPLE OUT OF HARM’S WAY ARE VITAL FOR SAVING LIVES • WIND ENGINEERING PROTECTS BUILDINGS • WIND INSURANCE POOLS SPREADS RISK

  33. RISK ASSESSMENT • VULNERABILITY • EXPOSURE • EVENT • COST • BENEFIT TYPHOONS EXPECTED LOSS POLICY ADOPTION • CONSEQUENCES POLICY ASSESSMENT TOWARDS TYPHOON DISASTER RESILIENCE

  34. LANDSLIDES IN TAIWAN ASSOCIATED WITH TYPHOONS AND EARTHQUAKES

  35. CAUSES OF DAMAGE SITING AND BUILDING ON UNSTABLE SLOPES SOIL AND ROCK SUCEPTIBLE TO FALLS SOIL AND ROCK SUCEPTIBLE TO TOPPLES SOIL AND ROCK SUCEPTIBLE TO SPREADS LANDSLIDES SOIL AND ROCK SUSCEPTIBLE TO FLOWS CASE HISTORIES PRECIPITATION THAT TRIGGERS SLOPE FAILURE SHAKING GROUND SHAKING THAT TRIGGERS SLOPE FAILURE

  36. MORACOT’S IMPACTS • At least 40 people dead, many as the result of a village being buried by a landslide (mudslide) during the storm..

  37. TYPHOON MORACOT: LANDSLIDE; AUGUST 2009

  38. TYPHOON MORACOT: RESCUE FROM MUDSLIDE AREA

  39. LANDSLIDE EXACERBATED BY M6.5 EARTHQUAKE AND RAIN APRIL 26, 2010

  40. Following several days of rain, a hillside collapsed onto a three-lane highway over a 300-meter stretch, burying three cars and disrupting traffic.

  41. LANDSLIDE AFTER EARTHQUAKE

  42. SEARCH AND RESCUE

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