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American Imperialism. SSUSH14 The student will explain America’s evolving relationship with the world at the turn of the twentieth century. b. Describe the Spanish-American War, the war in the Philippines, and the debate over American expansionism.
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American Imperialism SSUSH14 The student will explain America’s evolving relationship with the world at the turn of the twentieth century. b. Describe the Spanish-American War, the war in the Philippines, and the debate over American expansionism. c. Explain U.S. involvement in Latin America, as reflected by the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine and the creation of the Panama Canal.
The end of the 19th Century marked the height of European imperialism – much of Africa and Asia was under European control • Under imperialism, larger, more powerful nations dominate weaker nations economically, politically, culturally, and militarily to feel powerful • Imperialism grew due to several factors: industrialism in Europe created a need for raw materials, a sense of nationalism or devotion to one’s country, advances in military technology, missionary motives The Peak of European Imperialism
When he left office, George Washington warned of foreign entanglements • After the idea of manifest destiny was fulfilled, the U.S. had to look internationally to expand its borders – the U.S. purchased Alaska from Russia in 1867 and began looking to the Pacific – the Midway Islands and Hawaii were annexed • The U.S. also took a role in Latin America Americans get in the game
The primary argument for expansion was economic – the Americans had built a strong industrial economy but needed more markets to sell their goods to • those who favored a strong Navy also wanted expansion – the fleet left over from the Civil War were rotting and expansion provided the perfect excuse to build a new fleet – expansion • others believed that expansion was necessary to continue American vitality – the frontier was no more and people were looking for more reasons to expand Arguments for American Expansion
three incidents brought America fully into Latin America: 1. 1891- a mob in Chile attacked a group of American soldiers on leave and 2 were killed – the government forced Chile to pay $75,000 to the families of those killed 2. 1893 – a rebellion broke out in Brazil and President Cleveland ordered Naval Units to Rio de Janeiro to protect U.S. shipping interests 3. Britain and Venezuela disputed the ownership of a piece of territory between Venezuela and British Guiana – the U.S. disapproved of British involvement due to the Monroe Doctrine • Britain eventually backed down, realizing that they needed to stay on friendly terms with the U.S. Strengthening ties to Latin America
Cuba’s first rebellion against Spain was in 1868 – the Spanish put the rebellion down • In 1895, after the island’s economy collapsed, the Cubans rebelled again • The Spanish concentrated the rebels into camps – the prisoners, including women, children, and the elderly, lived in horrible conditions, but the Presidents Cleveland and McKinley refused to intervene • American newspapers demanded intervention in Cuba – sometimes the stories about Cuba got exaggerated, this was known as yellow journalism • This is the beginning of conflict with the Spanish that will lead to war Trouble in Cuba
