Western Powers Rule Southeast Asia

1. Western Powers Rule Southeast Asia By: Maddy Anthony

2. Western Rivalries for Pacific Rim • Demand for plantation products such as sugar cane, coffee, cocoa, rubber, coconuts, bananas, and pineapple spur competition • Demand for area near China • This drove Europeans to seek possesions of Southeast Asia and the pacific rim

3. Dutch Controls India • Dutch East India Trading Company control in 1602 • Desire for more rubber plantations prompted Dutch to expand control over Sumatra, Borneo, Celebes, Themoluccas, and Bali • This causes a rise in population and a rigid class system • Dutch on top • Wealthy and Educated indonesians next • Plantations workers and farmers bottom

4. British Control Malayan Peninsula • Take port of Singapore plus Malaysia and Burma • Malaysia worlds leading Rubber export • Burma- teak and oil • Chinese immigrate to Malaysia for jobs

5. French control Indochina • Modern Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam • French colonists impose culture on indochineese with direct colonial management and government beauracracy • Rice major export- causes anger • Sets the stage for Vietnameese resistance against France

6. Impact of Colonialism Positives Negatives Unification of areas at the cost of weaker governments and local leaders Mixing pot leads to clashes between races and cultures • Roads, harbors, rail systems, improved areas communication and transportation • Education, health and sanitation improve • Millions migrated to work on plantations and mines in SE Asia • Racial and cultural aspects change- mixing pot of Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Buddhists,

7. Siam Remains Independent • Between Burma and Indochina • French and British prevent each other from control of Siam (neutral zone) • Led by King Mongkut and son Chulalongkorn • Modernization- started schools, reforms legal system, railroads and telegraphs, ended slavery • Siamese people had no social issues- no racism, economic exploitation

8. US Imperialism • Mixed opinions on Imperialism • Late 1800’s began to seek colonies • 1898- Spanish American War • Won Peurto Rico, Guam, and Phillipine Islands • Emilio Aguinaldo leader of Filipino nationalists • US defeated rebels in 1902, Filipinos self- rule • Businessmen encouraged growing cash Crops

9. Hawaii • 1820’s sugar trade began to change Hawaii economy- sugar cane plantations in America • American Sugar plantations 75% of its wealth • 1890 Mckinely Tariff Act- Crisis • Eliminated tariffs on all sugar in US • No longer Cheaper, annexation of Hawaii- sugar could be sold for greater profits • Hawaiian Ruler Queen Lilioukalani took throne • New constitution gives her more power • Americans Overthrow HI monarchy- 1893 Queen removed from throne • US annex Hawaii in 1898

10. Effects of Imperialism Historical Modern Annexation of Hawaii gives US profits from Sugar cane Racial and cultural aspects change Creates jobs • Modernization- Roads, harbors, rail systems, improved areas communication and transportation, education, health and sanitation improved • Racial and Cultural Aspects change • Creates jobs

11. Political, Economic, and Social Effects • Politically Hawaii is part of the US and currently with president Obama who will change the world. Hawaii is part of the 50 states of America. Siam has been renamed to Thailand and is still independent today. • Economically, Sugar has played a huge part in US wealth. Products from Southeast Asia have improved their economies wealth as well. • Socially, The social classes do not remain today and there is more freedom. Racism still remains with some people, but it is against the law to discriminate based on race in many countries.