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Joseph II

Joseph II. 1741-1790. Background. T he oldest son of Maria Theresa Becomes Holy Roman Emperor in 1765 when his father died Had total control when his mother died in 1780 He was also an enlightened despot. Achievements. In 1781, Joseph II declared the Patent of Tolerance

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Joseph II

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  1. Joseph II 1741-1790

  2. Background • The oldest son of Maria Theresa • Becomes Holy Roman Emperor in 1765 when his father died • Had total control when his mother died in 1780 • He was also an enlightened despot

  3. Achievements • In 1781, Joseph II declared the Patent of Tolerance • Religious freedom to non-Catholic Christians living in Habsburg lands • Includes Lutherans, Calvinists, and Orthodox • Made German the mandatory language

  4. A copy of a medal created during Joseph II’s reign to commemorate his religious tolerance

  5. Achievements • Abolished serfdom in 1781 • Serfs could move away and get married as they please • Founded hospitals • Created orphanages • Opened parks and gardens to the public • Patron of the arts

  6. Achievements • Obtained land from Poland in 1773 • Created a defensive alliance with Russia • He was married twice, but had no surviving children

  7. Did Joseph II Do a Good Job? • Disliked by clergy and nobility • Policies on taxes, tried to do away with regional governments, etc. • Loved by the common people initially, but eventually unpopular in many of his lands near the time of his death • Created a much more free society

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