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Susan R. Dickey Somak Datta Gupta James A. Misener David Nelson ITSA Annual Meeting TS10

Roadside Equipment Architectures for DSRC-enabled Applications Using Traffic Signal Phase and Timing Information. Susan R. Dickey Somak Datta Gupta James A. Misener David Nelson ITSA Annual Meeting TS10 May 4, 2010. Agenda. PATH Experience Partitioning SPAT Uses Local Global

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Susan R. Dickey Somak Datta Gupta James A. Misener David Nelson ITSA Annual Meeting TS10

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  1. Roadside Equipment Architectures for DSRC-enabled Applications Using Traffic Signal Phase and Timing Information Susan R. Dickey Somak Datta Gupta James A. Misener David Nelson ITSA Annual Meeting TS10 May 4, 2010

  2. Agenda • PATH Experience • Partitioning SPAT Uses • Local • Global • Use Cases • Alternate Configurations • Last Words: Generalized Approach

  3. California PATHSPAT Experience PATH experience in sending SPAT since 2003… • Close relationship with Caltrans, both the Division of Research and Innovation and the local District 4, gives practical perspectice • Richmond Field Station Smart Intersectio • different traffic signal controller types • variety of communications technologies, wired and wireless • California Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII) Testbed, • DSRC SPAT demonstrations • Turner Fairbank Highway Research Center in 2003 • ITS World Congresses in 2005 and 2008 3

  4. California PATH Smart Intersection (2004-present) • Initially WiFi was used to deliver in-vehicle warnings and enable SV/POV/RSE communication for driver behavior research. • Kapsch-TraffiCom IEEE 1609 capable MCNU has been installed • Savari MobiWAVE and ITRI radios have also been installed.

  5. VII California Test Bed (2005 to Present) • 60 miles right of way • Denso and Kapsch RSE • Test bed applications: • Traveler information using 511 • Electronic payment and toll collection • Ramp metering • Cooperative Intersection Collision Avoidance • Curve Over-Speed warning • HA-NDGPS • Vehicle information and diagnostics • Public agency and auto industry partners.

  6. 170 AB3418 (TSP Project, 2002) Sniffer (Page Mill, 2006) 2070 NTCIP serial (Turner Fairbank, 2003; RFS, 2004) AB3418 (ECR/Fifth, 2007) Econolite ASC/3-2100 NTCIP ethernet (World Congress, 2005) PATH Signal Phase Software: History www.viicalifornia.org

  7. Sniffer AB3418 NTCIP Data Server Signal Phase Count-Down and Broadcast Software: Modular Design Phase Countdown Message Broadcast Broadcast devices and formats can be changed, with no impact to other modules Any signal information source may be used, with no change to other modules www.viicalifornia.org

  8. PATH ATCP 2070 Controller • A “Traffic Control PC”, utilizing ATC 2070 hardware • Open architecture and open source software • Layer (modular) construction • Field I/O layer provides a interface for traditional input (loop, pedestrian push button) and output (traffic signal bulbs and pedestrian signs) • Communications layer provides interface for advanced input (IntelliDrive, TSA request) and output (SPAT) • Control layer (open source) • Better adaptability to advances in technology • Ensures interoperability within systems • A platform and environment • Test new technology • Conduct repeatable experiments

  9. Current Use • Controls traffic lights at Richmond Field Station test intersection • Used by FHWA TFHRC SBIR Contractor • Supports • Fixed-time control • TSP (green truncation and extension) • CICAS-TSA all-red extension • CICAS-SLTA driver behavior experimental study • Real-time performance monitoring

  10. New Work with SPAT • FHWA Exploratory Advanced Research Proposal (Advanced Traffic Signal Control Algorithms): Caltrans, PATH, BMW • Base idea: Use vehicles as probes • Can use DSRC or other (3G, 4G) wireless communications between intersections • Use and fuse field elements (discrete detectors) where available • Uses modern control theory • State Pooled Fund Study: Investigating the Potential Benefits of Broadcasted SPAT Data under IntelliDrive

  11. Emergent Use Case Table

  12. Local and Current SPAT Information Traffic Signal Violation Warning Signal Violation Warning Traffic Signal Adaptation Left Turn Gap Assistance Since global information is not required, these could be implemented incrementally where most needed Since advanced count-down prediction is not required, could be implemented with conflict monitor or current sniffer without advanced traffic signal controller. 12

  13. Local, only SPAT, sent I2V Traffic Signal Violation Warning Heavy Vehicle Traffic Signal Advisory Particularly suited for implementation by the traffic signal controller with the addition of only a simple DSRC unit, since additional dynamic information from other sensors or global sources is not required. 13

  14. Global Information, Bidirectional Communication SPAT-Aware Navigation Dynamic Transit Arrival Time Prediction Transit Signal Priority SPAT-Aware Green Acceleration Particularly suited for initial implementation using traffic signal information already being sent to traffic management centers, and possibly 4G communications, if the latencies are found to be tolerable. As more cars become enabled for these applications, the latencies may grow and require DSRC implementation. 14

  15. SPAT RSE Functional Modules and Data Flow Traffic Signal Info Source Radio Unit Signal Info SPAT Constructor SPAT Message Formatter SPAT/GID Intersection Timing Specification Intersection Geographical Information • Traffic Signal Info Source could be, e.g., current sniffer, conflict monitor or 170 enhanced serial interface. • SPAT Constructor creates SPAT, including countdown, in internal format using best available information from traffic signal. • Message Formatter uses geographical information to place SPAT information in correct bytes to match geographical information (GID), as well as formatting GID • Radio Unit takes formatted messages and broadcasts using desired frequency and protocol 15

  16. SPAT RSE Hardware Architectures 2008 ITSA World Congress New York City Traffic Signal Info Source SPAT Constructor Message Formatter Peek Traffic Signal Controller Radio Unit Ethernet/fiber MCNU

  17. Richmond Field Station RSE Current Sniffer Digital I/O 170 Serial SPAT Constructor Message Formatter Radio Unit Ethernet/fiber 2070 Ethernet EDI Conflict Monitor Ethernet PC104 MCNU A variety of traffic signal sources have been tested.

  18. VII California Testbed RSE El Camino Real/Page Mill Road, Palo Alto SPAT Constructor Message Formatter Radio Unit Digital I/O Current Sniffer Ethernet/fiber PC104 Denso WRM 18 18

  19. Possible Configurations for SPAT-Aware Green Acceleration 19

  20. Steps to Deploying Individual SPAT RSE Top level activities (some in parallel) Testing for radio and computer system performance and reliability Testing of interface to traffic signal controllers for enhanced SPAT information Development of J2735-compatible SPAT format and associated GID Vehicle reception of new SPAT format On-site installation of RSE On-site installation of controller interface Calibration of accurate Map/GID (for each intersection, requires vehicle testing) On-site broadcast of enhanced SPAT/Map (GID) 20

  21. Questions? THANK YOU Jim Misener California PATH Program, University of California, Berkeley misener@path.berkeley.edu

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