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Entry Task 1

Today you need: book, new entry task paper with MLA heading, pen/pencil (If you have not turned in your last group of entry tasks, staple them and turn them in now!) Use the glossary in your book to define the following terms: Divine right Absolute monarch Glorious revolution

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Entry Task 1

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  1. Today you need: book, new entry task paper with MLA heading, pen/pencil • (If you have not turned in your last group of entry tasks, staple them and turn them in now!) • Use the glossary in your book to define the following terms: • Divine right • Absolute monarch • Glorious revolution • Then, answer the following question: • Why did absolute monarchs believe that they were justified in exercising absolute power? Entry Task 1

  2. Setting the Stage for Revolution: Absolute Monarchies and Revolution in England

  3. PATHWAY TO REVOLUTION 1603-1689 • Elizabeth I (1558 – 1603) Absolute ruler of England • Kept Parliament on her side • Stabilized the nation and expanded British territory • Died without an heir • Left Britain in debt

  4. PATHWAY TO REVOLUTION 1603-1689

  5. JAMES I 1603 – 1625 • James VI of Scotland • Became James I of England when Elizabeth I died • Believed in Divine Right of Kings, “Kings are called gods because they sit upon God’s throne on earth.” • Struggled with Parliament over money, hated being told what to do • King James Bible • No other Puritan Reforms

  6. Charles I 1625 - 1649 • Charles I of England (son of James I) • Absolute monarch - put his enemies in prison without trial • Always wanted $$ for wars • Dissolved Parliament when he didn’t get his way • English Civil War between supporters of Charles and supporters of Parliament led by Oliver Cromwell

  7. No imprisonment without due cause • No taxation without parliament’s consent • No putting soldiers in private homes • No martial law during peacetime • Charles I signed the petition and then ignored it – even dissolved parliament again and added more taxes on the people • Idea that the law was higher than the king (wow!!) • What does this contradict? 1628—Petition of Rights

  8. Charles I -- English civil war • Charles wanted one religion in England and Scotland • Supporters of Charles: Royalists or Cavaliers • Supporters of Oliver Cromwell: Roundheads • Parliament and Charles at odds • 1647: Puritans under Cromwell held Charles prisoner • 1649: sentenced to death • First ever public execution of a reigning monarch

  9. Oliver Cromwell 1649 - 1658 • Oliver Cromwell: abolished monarchy and House of Lords • Tried republican form of government but…. • Became military dictator • Puritan Morality – theaters closed, abolished sporting events and dancing, Sunday set aside for worship • Exiled Catholics to Ireland • Religious freedom for everyone except Catholics • Died in 1658

  10. Charles II 1660-1685The Restoration • Charles II - Popular ruler • Monarchy restored = Restoration • Respected the wishes of Parliament • Restored the Church of England • Stabilized government • Habeas Corpus • Prisoners must know charges against them • Cannot be held indefinitely without a trial • No heir to rule England… Protestants afraid of his Catholic brother James

  11. James II 1685-1688 • James II - Absolute Ruler • Didn’t get along with Parliament • Added to the growing debt • Offended his subjects by being openly Catholic • His wife had a son…Protestants scared of a line of Catholic kings • Forced from throne in what came to be called the Glorious Revolution

  12. GLORIOUS REVOLUTION, 1685 • James had an older daughter, Mary • Mary was married to William of Orange, a prince of the Netherlands • Members of Parliament invited William and Mary to overthrow James for the sake of Protestantism • William and his army entered London, James fled to France • Glorious Revolution: bloodless overthrow of King James II

  13. Agreed to recognize Parliament as partner in governing Constitutional Monarchy: laws limit the rulers power Bill of Rights No suspending of Parliament’s laws No taxes without a specific grant from Parliament No interfering with freedom of speech in Parliament No penalty for a citizen who petitions the king about grievances Cabinet system: link between the monarch and the majority party in Parliament Still used in English government today! WILLIAM and MARY – 1689

  14. What should we remember about the Glorious Revolution? Queen Elizabeth I: 1558-1603 (death) Following Elizabeth’s rule of 45 years, 86 years with 7 different rulers with different levels of authority Constant shifts between Protestant and Catholic power Too much absolutism leads to revolution From absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy Still the model of government today

  15. CYOA assignment Choose a different option than you did last time! Paragraph Shrinks – all paragraphs Section Assessment – p. 183 (all except #9) Timeline of Events – at least 5 events Acrostic Poem – more than one word Txt Msg Summ – at least 2 events with explanations Cartoon Strip – at least 4 boxes Guided Reading Worksheet – copy diagram and complete notes and term definitions on your own paragraph If you finish early, choose a second option to work on We will work until 15 min before class ends

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