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Cerebral Palsy and Aging

Cerebral Palsy and Aging. Objectives. Define Cerebral Palsy and its subtypes Define Developmental Disability Understand the difference between habilitation and Rehabilitation Understand CP effects on the aging body Communication, swallowing, and retirement. Developmental Disabilities.

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Cerebral Palsy and Aging

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  1. Cerebral Palsy and Aging

  2. Objectives • Define Cerebral Palsy and its subtypes • Define Developmental Disability • Understand the difference between habilitation and Rehabilitation • Understand CP effects on the aging body • Communication, swallowing, and retirement

  3. Developmental Disabilities • Definition- “The functional limitation has to be substantial and has to affect three or more of the following aspects of function: self care, receptive/expressive language, learning mobility, self direction/motivation, capacity for independent living, capacity of economic self-sufficiency and finally the condition requires treatment or services for a long period of time”(Understanding Aging and Developmental) • This definition limits the number of people who are able to receive specialized services • Types include: Cerebral Palsy, Autism, Mental Retardation, Epilepsy, Down Syndrome

  4. Habilitation vs Rehabilitation • Advance an individuals development to a higher level of function involve ADLs • Required by Social Security Act • Doesn’t adapt to the change in life style as adults get older • Older Adults typically stop benefiting from habilitative services • Active treatment • Involves multiple disciplines • Functional skills are lost and need to be relearned • Beginning to be added to the services provided for the older persons with a developmental disability • Accepted more by the aging population

  5. What is Cerebral Palsy? • Motor impairment caused by brain damage • Damage typically occurs before or during birth • CP is known as a “non-progressive” disorder • CP usually effects the musculoskeletal system

  6. Cont… • Poor muscle tone can cause malnutrition • Inability to eat or swallow foods • Incontinence • Enuresis • Stress incontinence • Bladder leak

  7. Types of Cerebral Palsy • Spastic CP • Ataxic CP • Athetoid CP • Mixed CP

  8. Spastic CP • Affects 70-80% of people with CP • Damage in Cerebral Cortex • Abnormal joint and muscle movement • Ranges from mild to severe • Spasticity: most common sign

  9. Ataxic CP • Least common type • Only 5-10% affected • Brain Damage in Cerebellum • Affects coordination of muscles • Key Characteristics • Low muscle tone • Tremors

  10. Athetoid CP (Dyskenetic CP) • Form of Athentonia • Slow, writhing, involuntary muscle movements • Damage to the Basal Ganglia • 25% affected • Causes communication disorders • Dysarthria • Characteristics: random, irregular movements, drooling, inability to hold posture

  11. Mixed CP • 10% affected • Most common mixture of both spastic CP and Athetoid CP • Damage is both Basal Ganglia and Cerebral Cortex

  12. Swallowing and CP • Choking becomes more common • Can aspirate food in the lungs • Decreased nutritional adequacy • May not be able to control mouth muscles

  13. Communication Problems People with CP generally have difficulties with… • Production of speech • Language and speech processing • Hearing losses

  14. Dysarthria • Definition: Speech disorder caused by an impairment of the muscles that control the speech mechanism due to damage in either the central or peripheral nervous system • There is no change in the quality of involuntary or voluntary movements • Sound and emission errors are made consistently • Speech rate is slow and labored • Poor breath support • Reduced speech intelligibility as speech rate increases

  15. AAC Devices • Augmentative and Alternative Communication Device • Provides a means of communication to those who don’t have speech • High tech • Low tech • Mid tech • No tech • Helps to maintain socialization • Wants/needs/likes are communicated • Used for: sensory input, motoric expression, cognitive processing, and word recall Movie

  16. Effects of Aging on CP • Not much research has been done • People with CP start the aging process at a younger age • People with CP can age successfully • Can cause anxiety,isolation and depression • Deconditioning is common • Exercise can help to postpone or alleviate pain due to aging

  17. Long-Term Care Planning Retirement • Can be traumatic • Replace the idea of “Retirement from” to “Retirement to something” • Slow transition from work to retirement • Integrate into senior centers

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