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HIV AIDS Counseling

HIV AIDS Counseling. Counseling incorporates a process of empowerment for persons with HIV. Living with HIV does not mean living despite HIV. Importance . Infection is life long

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HIV AIDS Counseling

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  1. HIV AIDS Counseling Counseling incorporates a process of empowerment for persons with HIV. Living with HIV does not mean living despite HIV Bharti'2K

  2. Importance • Infection is life long • Diagnosis of HIV has enormous psychological pressure and anxiety that can delay constructive change or worsen illness • Behavioral change can prevent acquiring HIV or transmitting it to others Bharti'2K

  3. Introduction • Counseling is an interpersonal interaction & dialogue between a client and someone who is trained and skilled in counseling. • It is a helping process where one explicitly and purposefully gives one’s time ,attention and skills to assist a client explore their situation,identify and act upon solutions within the limitations of their given environment. Bharti'2K

  4. OBJECTIVES • 1.Provide psychosocial support to those already affected-may be HIV+ve or AIDS, • 2.Prevent HIV infection. Bharti'2K

  5. Counseling as a process • can • Ensure passing on correct information • Provide support at time of crisis • Encourage change when required • Help the client identify immediate & long term needs Bharti'2K

  6. Counseling Can • Propose realistic actions in different situations for different people • Assist clients to accept and act on information on health&well being,and • Help client to be well informed and appreciate technical,social,ethical and legal implications of HIV testing Bharti'2K

  7. WHERE? • ANYWHERE • Ward,clinic,blood bank,school,mandir/guruduara. Bharti'2K

  8. WHO? • Anyone • You,me,doctor,nurse,psychologist,LT,social worker,pharmacist Bharti'2K

  9. Who is a Good counselor? • Own values must not influence(open,non judgmental) • Must respect culture and traditions of client(positive regard for client) • Must take into account prevailing beliefs about ailments in general and HIV in particular(knowledgeable) Bharti'2K

  10. GOOD COUNSELOR • Must help clients and families to discover culturally acceptable ways of expressing emotions,anger,guilt,fear,sadness(cultura-lly sensitive) • Patient and good listener • Able to maintain confidentiality • Objective with clarity. Bharti'2K

  11. Techniques of Counseling • Active listening/attending • Reflection of feeling • Questioning-open ended,not multiple choice or Y/N type • Paraphrasing-repeat client’s statement in your own words.Essence/summary of client’s words. • Interpretations Bharti'2K

  12. Contents of Counseling • Primarily to prevent reinfection • Basic information about HIV infection,opportunistic infections and means of transmission • Specific information on risk reduction by changing risk behaviors(safe sex,safe syringes and safe motherhood) Bharti'2K

  13. Contents of Counseling • How to tell others that one is HIV positive • Handling hostility-fear & feeling about having HIV • Supporting the process of anticipatory grief • Planning continued involvement of client in self care Bharti'2K

  14. Contents of Counseling • Establishing a supportive network to provide physical and emotional care during the course of the disease • Exploring the ways of taking care of survivors • Accepting fear of death and continue to provide emotional support Bharti'2K

  15. STAGES • Forming rapport and gaining trust • Defining and understanding roles ,boundaries and needs • Process of ongoing,supportive counseling • Closure or ending counseling relationship.it can be tapered off like we taper steroids Bharti'2K

  16. Client’s language Repeat client’s statement Explain clearly Summarises Respond to primary message Encourages:”I see”,”Yeah,go on.” Addresses by proper adjective,behanji,prahji etc. Gives needed information. Uses humor. No criticism. Supportive Behavior of CounselorVERBAL Bharti'2K

  17. Client’s tone Look into client’s eyes Nod occassionally Use facial expressions Use occasional gestures Supportive Behavior of CounselorNon Verbal Bharti'2K

  18. Advising Preaching Blaming & judging Cajoling Interrogating Excess reassuring Straying on the topic Encouraging dependence Patronising attitude Directing,demanding Non supportive Behavior of CounselorVerbal Bharti'2K

  19. Looking away Keeping a distance Yawning Frowning Blank face Using unpleasant tone of speech Speaking too fast or too slow Moving around Fidgeting. Non Supportive Behavior of counselorNon Verbal Bharti'2K

  20. CONCLUSIONS Counseling is an art and science • Requires self knowledge,discipline and restraint besides knowledge of HIV • Counselor should have a balance between warmth and acceptability on one hand and objectivity on the other. Bharti'2K

  21. CONCLUSIONS • Approaches may be different but a counselor should have qualities of caring,empathy,self-awareness,cultural sensitivity and patience • Counseling techniques include active attending,reflection of feeling,questioning,interpretation,con-frontation and summarizing Bharti'2K

  22. CONCLUSIONS • Counseling relationship has stages of rapport forming,demystifying counseling process and beginning the process of history taking and needs definition,actual work of supporting clients decisions,feelings and help him/her change and finally ending of relationship. Bharti'2K

  23. thanks Bharti'2K

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