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Explore the embodied and operational energy use of buildings through a study on renovating a row dwelling built between 1966-1976. This research delves into insulation methods, efficient boilers, heat pumps, and ventilation systems, assessing their impact on energy savings over 30 years. Discover how low-energy buildings and eco-friendly materials can reduce environmental impacts in both renovation and new construction projects. Draw conclusions on primary energy use, environmental effects, and the importance of optimizing solar energy solutions.
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Embodied and operational energy use of buildings:How sustainable are energy savings? 13 June 2009 Laure Itard
1. Insulation envelope 2. HR++-glas 3. High efficiency boiler (HR107) 4. HR boiler + heat pump boiler 5. HR boiler + solar boiler 6. Balanced ventilation
Life cycle analysis – Embodied energy resources Production waste Transport use Operational energy use
Operational & embodied energy (LCA analysis), after 30 years
New built: low-energy buildings Ecobuild test dwellings, ECN, Petten, EPC~0.6 Concrete Heat Pump Timber frame Rc= 5 m2K/W 3-layer glass (U=1 W/m2K) Heat Recovery Ventilation HE Boiler
Embodied & operational primary energy Concrete, boiler Concrete, heat pump Timber frame, heat pump
Embodied & operational primary energy Concrete, boiler Concrete, heat pump Timber frame, heat pump
Embodied & operational primary energy Concrete, boiler Concrete, heat pump Timber frame, heat pump
Embodied & operational primary energy Concrete, boiler Concrete, heat pump Timber frame, heat pump
Energy use & Environmental effects
Resource depletion • Biotic resources • A-biotic resources • Infinite, renewable resources
Global warming [Bron: United Nations Environmental Programme]
Photochemical oxidation (smog) [Source: Alex Fraaij, Kees Duijvenstein]
Operational environmental impacts onlyna 30 jaar (Renovation)
Embodied & operational envir. Impactsna 30 jaar (Renovation)
Operational & embodied environmental impacts na 75 jaar (Ecobuild houses)
Conclusions • Decreasing Primary energy use # environmental friendly • Primary energy is good/ predictor for depletion, global warming and eutrophication • Primary energy is not a good predictor of other environmental impacts. • Insulation measures are always efficient • Solar boiler must be optimized (materials, production) • Using electricity (not from renewables) instead of gas produces an enormous increase of environmental impact
Conclusions • Embodied energy in renovation activities is low What about passive renovation? • Embodied energy in new built low-energy housing is high To minimize it should be a main challenge