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3.2 Looking Inside Cells

3.2 Looking Inside Cells. Cell Structure and Function. Cell Wall Rigid layer of nonliving material Surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms Protects and supports Made of cellulose Strong, but permeable. Cell Membrane Barrier separating the cell from its environment

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3.2 Looking Inside Cells

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  1. 3.2 Looking Inside Cells Cell Structure and Function

  2. Cell Wall • Rigid layer of nonliving material • Surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms • Protects and supports • Made of cellulose • Strong, but permeable

  3. Cell Membrane • Barrier separating the cell from its environment • Controls what substances enter and exit a cell • Semi-permeable

  4. Nucleus • Control center of the cell • Contains the DNA

  5. Cytoplasm • Clear, thick, gel-like fluid • Contains many organelles

  6. Mitochondria • Small, rod-shaped organelles • "Powerhouses" of the cell • Convert food energy into energy the cell can use

  7. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Maze of passageways • Helps form proteins • Carries material throughout the cell

  8. Ribosome • Small, grain-like body • Some are attached to endoplasmic reticulum • Some float freely in the cytoplasm • Protein "factories"

  9. Golgi Body • Flattened sacs and tubes • Receive proteins to be packaged and distributed to other parts of the cell or even outside the cell

  10. Chloroplasts • Large, green structures • Generally found only in plants • Capture energy from sunlight and convert it into sugar

  11. Vacuole • Large water-filled sac • Storage areas • Plant cells usually have one large, central vacuole

  12. Lysosome • Small, round structures • Contain chemicals for breaking down certain materials • Clean-up crew

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