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Ethnic Groups in the Balkans

Southeastern Europe . Ethnic Groups in the Balkans . Yugoslavia. Created in 1920 from remains fromAustro -Hungarian Empire Changed name to Yugoslavia in 1929. Ethnic Groups. Albanians Bosnians Croats Hungarians Montenegrins Serbs Slovenes Macedonians .

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Ethnic Groups in the Balkans

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  1. Southeastern Europe Ethnic Groups in the Balkans

  2. Yugoslavia • Created in 1920 from remains fromAustro-Hungarian Empire • Changed name to Yugoslavia in 1929

  3. Ethnic Groups • Albanians • Bosnians • Croats • Hungarians • Montenegrins • Serbs • Slovenes • Macedonians

  4. During WWII invasions and civil wars between ethnic groups led to creating 6 equal republics within Yugoslavia • Kosovo, Serbia and Vojvodina given autonomous status (free from rule of Yugoslavia) • Controlled by communist president Josip Broz Tito • Authoritarian rule • Some ethnicities discriminated

  5. Croatia

  6. Tito’s Death and Aftermath • Josip Tito, president of Yugoslavia, dies in 1980. • By the late 80s, a new leader had emerged, Slobodan Milosevic • Emerged on a platform of nationalism and religious hatred

  7. Serbia under Milosevic • 1985: Serbia accuses Kosovo of anti-Serb “genocidal” policies • Nationalism of Serbs continues to grow • 1990: Milosevic dissolves Kosovo autonomy • Kosovo responds by declaring a republic Serbs = Christian Albanians= Muslim

  8. Croatia Conflict • In June 1991: Croatia and Slovenia declare independence from Yugoslavia • Fascist movement in Croatia and anti-Serb rhetoric leads Serbia to invade with Yugoslav Nat’l Army (JNA) • Serbia Bombed Vukovar for 86 days, after fall of city, begins first mass executions of men

  9. Cease-fire in Croatia • At the end of 1991, the U.S. brokered a cease-fire agreement between Croatia and Serbia

  10. Bosnian Conflict • In 1992 U.S. and international community recognizes independence of Bosnia, Serbia responds by attacking Sarajevo “siege” style • In the countryside Serbs rounded up Bosnians, had mass shootings, forced them to relocate, or put them in concentration camps • Serbian soldiers and men raped thousands of Bosnian women

  11. U.N. Involvement • U.N. responds with sanctions and peacekeeping troops to ensure supplies reach Sarajevo • U.N. ordered not to intervene militarily

  12. “Ethnic Cleansing” • Throughout 1993 Serbs carry out ethnic cleansing of Bosnians, certain that U.N. will not interevene • Radovan Karadzic, Bosnian Serb Republic President ordered and controlled these attacks • RatkoMladic carried out the siege of Sarajevo and the Srebrenica massacre

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