Unit 5 Dilemma for Science

1. Unit 5 Dilemma for Science

2. Dilemma for Science 1.Vocabulary 2. Text 1) Background Information 2) Key phrases 3) Paraphrases 4) Summary 3. Grammar 4. Practical writing

3. Vocabulary

4. Vocabulary • agent n. a person whose job is to represent another person, a company, etc. 代理人，代理商 e.g. Our agent in Rome deals with all our business in Italy. The FBI agent killed the spy. Technological advances are the chief agents of change. • anti-rejection n. （医）抗排异反应 • attach v.1). fasten or join …连接; 依附 • e.g. • Be sure to attach the label to your luggage. 2). bind by love 依恋 e.g. Christina was so attached to her mother.

5. Vocabulary • benefit v. do good to 有益于 e.g. China’s entry into the WTO will not only benefit China itself but also other countries in the world. Take this medicine every six hours. It will benefit you a lot. n. anything that brings help, advantage, or profit 利益 e.g. It is an undeniable fact that the advance of science and technology has brought great benefits to people.

6. Vocabulary • consent n. v. agreement or permission 同意，应允 e.g. I ought to have asked for your consent beforehand. She consented to his proposal of marriage. • debate n. v. 辩论 1). n. discussion involving opposite viewpoints e.g. After much debate, the motion was put to a vote. 2). V. discuss a topic formally; think over in order to disfigurement e.g. They debated which train to take.

7. Vocabulary • device n. a thing made for a particular purpose; trick 装置；发明物；策略 e.g. He made a device to make the door shut by itself. By some device or other the thief got the boy to let him into the house. • dilemma n. difficult choice between two (bad) things; problem 进退两难之境 e.g. Her dilemma was whether to stay on at home or get a job.

8. Vocabulary • fiction n. stories or novels about imaginary people or events. 小说；虚构 e.g. It is reported that his next fictional work will be published next month. Reading science fiction is one of his favorite hobbies.

9. Vocabulary • identity n. who someone is 身份，本身 e.g. A traveler’s passport established his identify. • Identify v. identify sb./sth. as ab./ath. 鉴别出 e.g. Can you identify your umbrella? Identify sth. With sth. 认为某事与谋事同等 We can’t identify happiness with wealth. ID = identity, identification

10. Vocabulary • implication n. something suggested but not expressed; a possible later effect of an action, decision, etc. 暗含；牵连 e.g. What is the implication of that statement? The journalists discussed the political implications of the war. ● overcome v. successfully deal with and control a problem or a feeling 克服 e.g. With self-assurance I will be able to overcome any disappointments. The learner of a second language has many obstacles to overcome.

11. Vocabulary • prospect n. something expected or considered probable e.g. 可能性；前景 A career with open prospects would give me constant incentive to improve myself. He gave up halfway because he didn’t see any prospect of success. • tone n. the sound of a voice or of a musical instrument e.g. 声调 I don’t like you talking to me in that tone. I could hear the sweet tones of a violin in the garden. shade (of color); degree (of light) 色调 e.g. The room is furnished in various tones of brown.

12. TEXT

13. Background Information • Face Off • It is a film dedicated to the best action adventure of all time, produced by star director and action specialist John Woo. To find out where the terrorist Castor Troy( Nicolas Cage) hid the bomb, FBI agent Sean Archer( John Travolta) undergoes a radical new surgery allowing him to switch faces with comatose Castor and assume his identity. But when Castor awakens and assumes Sean’s identity, the real Sean is thrust into an unimaginable nightmare fighting not only for his own life, but also those of his wife and daughter.

14. 愿意做 be willing to do 意识到，觉察到 be aware of 实现 bring … to reality 产生 throw up 进行一项调研 carry out a survey 五官，面容 facial features 超级罪犯 a master criminal 围绕着 revolve around 与 … 交换 trade … with… 使 … 同意 get … to consent 对 … 的需求量很大 in hot demand Key phrases

15. Paraphrases • Lines1-2:” Rapid advances ……every day.’ • The quick development of medical science seems to raise moral questions almost every day. • ·Lines7:”Not in some distant future, but now.” • The possibility of transplanting a whole human face by grafting a dead person’s face on to a living person does not exist in some distant future, but now.

16. Paraphrases • Line 13-14:”Anyone living by the slogan……in hot demand.” • Anyone living by the slogan: Live an exciting life and die young, retaining one’s good looks, may soon find that many people will want their faces for facial transplantation when they die. • ·Line15:”Unfortunately they’re unlikely to enjoy the benefits of the attention.” • Unfortunately there is no chance for them to realize that they are the center of so much attention.

17. Paraphrases • Lines20-21: “The plot revolves around their new identities.’ • The plot develops, as so many new problems are arising as a result of their new identities. • ·Line 29:”Not for everyone.” • Facial transplantation is not suitable for everyone. • Lines46-47:”With the face, it would be a very select group of people who would be suitable for this…..” • With the face, it would be a very limited group of people who could be suitable recipients.

18. Paraphrases • Lines53-54: ”But Butler………..considerable public disquiet.” • But Butler is very much aware that there is much public concern and unease on facial transplantation.

19. Summary of Text • However, aware of the deep psychological implications for people involved in a facial transplantation, doctors are very cautious about the application of the technique and would restrict it to only a limited group of patients suffering facial deformities from injuries or certain diseases. At the same time, the public is quite concerned about facial transplantation since criminals and other people could take advantage of the technology, thus causing moral problems to society.

20. Grammar 条件状语从句 • 1. 除了if与unless引导条件状语从句外，providing, provided( that), supposing, suppose (that), so (as) long as, on condition that, in case等也可以引导。 • 2.if条件状语从句既可表示好的条件，也可表示不好的条件，表示好的条件时，可用providing, provided (that), on condition that等替换多用于正式英语，而表示不好的条件时，则不能用这些连词替换，但可以用so (as) long as替换。 • 3. only if 与if only的用法：only if引导的从句用陈述语气，意思是“只要”；而if only引导的从句常用虚拟语气，意思是“要是…就好了” 。

21. Grammar • D. but for 与but that 的用法：but for (接名词、代词或名次短语)与but that (接从句) 结构中，主句要用虚拟语气。 • E. in the event that 也引导条件状语，相当于in case. • F. 介词结构也可以表示条件。

22. Grammar • As long as you keep on learning, you are sure to master the English language. • Suppose/ Supposing she is absent from the meeting, what shall we do?

23. Grammar • If I make any mistake in my work, please point it out. • If our team wins the match, please let me know at once. • I will go provided that you will go with me. • You can go out to play as long as you stay in the back yard.

24. Grammar • Only if we obtain his help, shall we surely succeed. • If only I won the prize! • But for air and water, man would not be able to live. • I couldn’t have attended the party, but that he invited me.

25. Grammar • Dial 119 in the event that there is a fire accident. • Please tell me in case you can help us. • Under better conditions, the result of the experiment would be different. • Without your help, we would not have completed the work in time.

26. Practical Writing Letters of Congratulation • 当得知亲友喜讯时，人们往往写信表示祝贺。与贺卡相比，贺信更具有人情味。一般来说，贺信不必太长，它往往以祝贺之词开头，文中应具体提到对何事表示祝贺，结尾致以衷心的祝福。

27. Sample 5th Aug, 2004 Dear David, I have learnt that you have just started up your own advertising agency. Congratulations! I have no doubt that the new agency will be a great success since you have already got some business connections from your previous work. And I sincerely hope that you will find the happiness and satisfaction you so richly in this new agency. Regards, Richard Perkins Richard Perkins