1 / 25

Chuck Kutscher National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Biomass Power Potential. Energy and Climate Mini-Workshop November 3, 2008. Chuck Kutscher National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Biomass Feedstocks. Poplars. Wood chips. Switch grass. Municipal solid waste. Corn Stover. U.S. Biomass Resources.

tate
Download Presentation

Chuck Kutscher National Renewable Energy Laboratory

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Biomass Power Potential Energy and Climate Mini-Workshop November 3, 2008 Chuck Kutscher National Renewable Energy Laboratory

  2. Biomass Feedstocks Poplars Wood chips Switch grass Municipal solid waste Corn Stover

  3. U.S. Biomass Resources

  4. Potential Dry Biomass Supply Estimates (2025)

  5. U.S. Biomass Resource Assessment • Updated resource assessment - April 2005 • Jointly developed by U.S. DOE and USDA • Referred to as the “Billion Ton Study”

  6. Biomass Cost Components • Planting and management • Harvesting and collection • Transportation • Total cost is $20 - $60/ton

  7. Biopower Biopower status • World: 40 GW • U.S. 2007 capacity: 10.5 GWe(all direct combustion) • 5 GW Pulp and Paper • 2 GW Dedicated Biomass • 3 GW MSW and Landfill Gas • 0.5 GW Cofiring • 2004 Generation – 68.5 TWh • Cost – 8-10¢/kWh • DOE Potential • Cost – 4-6¢/kWh (integrated gasification combined cycle) • 2030 – 160 TWh (net electricity exported to grid from integrated 60 billion gal/yr biorefinery industry)

  8. Direct combustion Co-firing Options for Biomass Electricity Gasification

  9. Combustion 50 MW McNeil Power Station Burlington, Vermont 74 MW Wheelabrator Shasta Plant Anderson, California

  10. Gasification Systems Under Development Commercial Biomass-to-Liquids Plant, Choren Industries, Freiberg Germany, 2008: 200 mt/d biomass, 2010: 2,000 mt/d biomass 300 ton/day gasifier Burlington Electric, VT Varnamo Sweden, 100 mt/day, 6 MWe + 9 MWth demo run for 5 years, being retrofitted for BTL Foster Wheeler CFB Gasifier, Lahti Finland, 300 mt/d; 30,000 hours of operation at >95% availability

  11. Small and medium size CHP is a good opportunity for biomass 5 MWe + District Heat Skive, Denmark 15-100 kWe Credit: Carbona Corp Credit: Community Power Corp

  12. Biomass Power Benefits • Reliable base load power • Shifts agricultural and municipal biomass emissions from methane to CO2 • Resource is well dispersed, so plants can be located to minimize new transmission • Using woody biomass for electricity production has lower emissions than open burning • Addresses waste and fire management problems • Reduces new landfill capacity

  13. Biomass Power Characteristics • Direct combustion boiler/steam turbine • Average size 20 MW, largest 75 MW; fuel transportation cost usually limits to 50 MW; gas/combined cycle might be 100 MW • 20% efficiency for direct combustion, 40% IGCC • 8-12 cents per kWh • Barriers are producing, transporting, and preparing feedstock • Supplies dominated by low-cost residue streams • 50-mile economic supply radius, 20 miles preferred

  14. CO2 LCA Results for One Hectare

  15. Biomass Carbon Savings 1Bain, et al. 2003 2Woods, et al. 2007

  16. Greenhouse Gas Burden from Removalof 1 Million Dry Tons of Forest Biomass in California in 2000 Morris, Biomass Energy Production in California, NREL/SR-570-28805, November 2000

  17. (based on $33/ton CO2)

  18. ASES Study Assumptions • Based on WGA study of 18 western states, 170 million dry tons of biomass • Required cost of < 8¢/kWh • Most cost-effective units: • <15 MW: steam turbine or gasifier/ICE • >15 MW: IGCC • Units larger than 60 MW connected to high-voltage distribution • Extrapolated WGA results to DOE 1.25 billion ton study, excluding energy crops and crop residues (used for biofuels)

  19. ASES StudyBiomass Power Savings • Wood residues and municipal discards • 45,000 MW (after biofuels use) • 5 to 8¢/kWh 2030 Savings: 75 MtC/yr

  20. WGA Biomass Supply Curve

  21. 2030 Biomass Power and Carbon Displacement Potentials

  22. Carbon Capture and Storage

  23. Impact of Carbon Price on Cost of Biomass CCS Rhodes, J. and D. Keith, “Engineering Economic Analysis of Biomass IGCC with Carbon Capture and Storage,” Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 29, 2005

More Related