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Early Exploration & European Motivation in the 1400’s

Mr. Barchetto Notes #1. Early Exploration & European Motivation in the 1400’s. What was the Afroeurasian (Indian Ocean) trade world like before the voyages of Europeans ?

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Early Exploration & European Motivation in the 1400’s

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  1. Mr. Barchetto Notes #1 Early Exploration & European Motivation in the 1400’s

  2. What was the Afroeurasian (Indian Ocean) trade world like before the voyages of Europeans? As you watch Crash Course #18think about the above question and write down notes found on the space provided in Notes#1. The trade world of the Indian ocean

  3. Fraught with Peril • Unknown distances • Uncharted waters • Sea monsters • Falling off earth European mindset prior to 1450…

  4. What changes are taking place in Europe during the Renaissance making it a perfect time for exploration to begin? • - Idea of Humanism • - Printing Press • - Education/learning • - Scientific Revolution • - Technology Renaissance sparks exploration

  5. Causes/Motives for European Exploration • What country benefitted the most from the trade coming from the east? • Italy WHY? • 1400’s Italian middle men controlled trade from Asia. • 3 Major Motives: • Renaissance spirit to learn about new lands. • Atlantic powers (Spain, Portugal) sought route to Asia that bypassed Italy and Ottoman Empire. • Desire for wealth—God, Gold, Glory

  6. Galley Caravel Vs. • Ships were suited for placid waters of Mediterranean Sea. • Required tremendous amount of manpower to row • Studier crafts were needed for open ocean exploration • Small, light and powered by a three-mast sail • More maneuverable than the galley • Lateen sail allowed Europeans to tack into the wind • Sternpost rudder and cannons allowed Caravel to dominate larger vessels Technology at the Dawn of the Exploration Age

  7. Ptolemy’s Geography Reintroduced to Europeans by the Arabs in 1410, showed geographical knowledge of the classical world. Lead to great strides in cartography and navigational aids. What errors can you find with Ptolemy’s map? Technology at the Dawn of the Exploration Age

  8. Compass Astrolabe • used to maintain direction • Allowed sailors to explore out of sight of land • Helped sailors maintain a course. • Helped also with plotting latitude and making accurate maps Technology at the Dawn of the Exploration Age

  9. Henry the Navigator Country/Year: Portugal1415 Motives/Goals: GOD,GOLD, GLORY Outcomes: Henry mapped the entire West coast of Africa Vasco da Gama Country/Year: Portugal1497 Motives/Goals: Travel around the southern tip of Africa w/ hope of getting to the spice islands. Outcomes: 10 month voyage led to daGama to the west coast of India in the great spice port of Calicut. Christopher Columbus Country/Year: Spain1492 Motives/Goals: Travel west to get to the East Indies. Outcomes: Columbus would establish the West Indies and begin the Spanish conquest of the Americas. Ferdinand Magellan Country/Year: Spain1519 Motives/Goals: Search to find route around Americas to get to the East Indies Outcomes: 1522 Magellan’s crew become the first people to circumnavigate the globe. Leads to Spanish giving up on East Indian Trade Spain & Portugal

  10. Empires Emerge-Line of Demarcation • Amerigo Vespucci- • Significance of expeditions • Treaty of Tordesillas- • Also known as the line of demarcation…This line was agreed upon by the Spanish and Portuguese and divided the world into east and western portions. • Spain would control all new lands west of the line and Portugal would control all new lands discovered east of this line. • Why do you think this was?

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