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Day 128: The Great Depression and the New Deal

Day 128: The Great Depression and the New Deal. Baltimore Polytechnic Institute March 21 , 2011 A.P. U.S. History Mr. Green. Announcements. Test Friday, Chapters 28-33 Focus Questions-Chapter 33 Due Wednesday Decades Chart 1920’s complete and submit on Wednesday.

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Day 128: The Great Depression and the New Deal

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  1. Day 128: The Great Depression and the New Deal Baltimore Polytechnic Institute March 21, 2011 A.P. U.S. History Mr. Green

  2. Announcements Test Friday, Chapters 28-33 Focus Questions-Chapter 33 Due Wednesday Decades Chart 1920’s complete and submit on Wednesday

  3. The Great Depression and the New Deal Objectives: Students willanalyze New Deal legislation by evaluating the effectiveness of New Deal policies. AP Focus The first hundred days of Roosevelt’s presidency witness a torrent of executive and legislative programs, acts, and policies that attempt to deal with the Great Depression and to reform the economic system, so that the nation will never again experience such a devastating economic collapse. To jumpstart the economy, Roosevelt institutes an inflationary policy in which deficit spending is used to create jobs. It is hoped that this will reduce the number of people needing government aid and increase consumer spending, further stimulating demand and, consequently, higher employment. Income would be taxed to help defray the cost of federally funded jobs.

  4. Chapter Focus Chapter Themes Roosevelt’s New Deal tackled the Great Depression with massive federal programs designed to bring about relief, recovery, and reform.

  5. Reading Quiz Identify 3 reasons for the Stock Market Crash of 1929. Describes the position of the U.S. Presidents toward business in the 1920’s. Describe the impact farmers felt in the years following WWI.

  6. Roosevelt’s Program Election of 1932 Republicans-Herbert Hoover Democrats-Franklin D. Roosevelt Campaign Issues Democrats-New Deal, balanced budgets, promise to do something Republicans-American free enterprise, individual initiative 22,809,638 to 15,758,901 472-59 Electoral vote Hoover carried 6 states African-Americans switched to the D’s FDR may have deliberately permitted the depression to worsen

  7. The Vanquished and the Victor

  8. 1st New Deal Closed the banks from March 6-10 Special Session of Congress-1st 100 days Relief, Recovery, and Reform Rubber stamp Congress-legislative authority given to the President New Dealers used European models Emergency Banking Relief Act of 1933 President has power to regulate banks transactions/foreign exchange/reopen solvent banks Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act of 1933 split commercial and investment banking FDIC Federal Securities Act SEC

  9. Bank Failures Before and After the Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act of 1933

  10. 1st New Deal Continued Removed the U.S. from the Gold Standard Increased inflation by buying gold with paper currency Roosevelt set the price of gold Returned to gold for international trade in Feb 1934 Jobs Civilian Conservation Corps, TVA Federal Emergency Relief Act-FERA: direct relief to states Agricultural Adjustment Act-unconstitutional 1936 Home Owners’ Loan Corporation-shifted people to the Democratic Party CWA-leaf raking, “The only thing we have to fear… it work itself” National Recovery Administration-unconstitutional 1935

  11. Anti-New Dealers Father Charles Coughlin “Social Justice” Dr. Francis E. Townsend $200/month for people over 60 Huey Long $5,000/year guaranteed income for everyone Share Our Wealth program

  12. New Deal and Minorities Frances Perkins-1st woman cabinet member, Labor Department Mary McLeod Bethune-African-American, office of Minority Affairs in the NYA Margaret Mead-anthropologist

  13. 2nd New Deal 1935-1938 WPA-built roads, public buildings, bridges, and do-nothing jobs National Labor Relations Act Wagner Act Social Security Act Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act Plant soil conserving crops-soybeans 2nd AAA Fair Labor Standards Act

  14. Class Discussion 1. How did the early New Deal legislation attempt to achieve the three goals of relief, recovery, and reform? 2. Which of the New Deal’s many programs to reform the economy and alleviate the depression was the most successful, and why? (You may identify and discuss more than one.) Which was least successful, and why? 3. Were direct federal efforts to provide work for the unemployed—such as the Civilian Conservation Corps, the Works Progress Administration, and the Public Works Administration—justified either in terms of their immediate benefits to workers or as means of stimulating the economy. Why or why not? 4. Why did the New Deal arouse such opposition from conservatives, including those on the Supreme Court?

  15. Homework Read Chapter 33 Prepare for 5 question reading check on Tuesday Decades Chart 1930’s

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