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Chapter Two: Early Greece

Chapter Two: Early Greece. Cultures and Values, 6 th Ed. Cunningham and Reich. History of Early Greece. The Heroic Age The Age of Colonization The Archaic Period. [Image 2.1] Zeus (Poseidon?). Homer and the Heroic Age. Significance of the Polis Religion, Mythology and Folklore

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Chapter Two: Early Greece

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  1. Chapter Two:Early Greece Cultures and Values, 6th Ed. Cunningham and Reich

  2. History of Early Greece • The Heroic Age • The Age of Colonization • The Archaic Period

  3. [Image 2.1] Zeus (Poseidon?)

  4. Homer and the Heroic Age • Significance of the Polis • Religion, Mythology and Folklore • Art & Literature vs. Prayer

  5. The Iliad & The Odyssey • “the Homeric question” • Oral Tradition • Epithets, Elaborate Similes • Iliad • Theme of Human Responsibility • Odyssey • Return of the Epic Hero

  6. Art and Society • Painted Vases • Protogeometric (1000-900 B.C.E.) • Concentric circles, semi-circles • Geometric (900-700 B.C.E.) • Linear designs, the meander • Human Forms (~800 B.C.E.) • Amphoras

  7. Age of Colonization • Prosperity of City-States • Competition, Image • Wealth + Over-Population = Colonization • Italy, Sicily, Egypt, Asia Minor • Trade and Cultural Exposure • Orientalizing

  8. Visual Artsat Corinth and Athens • Corinthian Art • Eastern Motifs • Commercially Successful • Athenian Art • Narrative style (Myth, Daily Life) • Trade Rivalry: Corinth vs. Athens

  9. The Beginnings ofGreek Sculpture • Near Eastern and Egyptian influences • Kore, Kouros • Increasing Realism, Naturalism • Careful study of human anatomy • Representation of Life and vigor

  10. Sculpture and Painting in the Archaic Period • Solon’s Legal Reformations • Tyrants / Artistic Patronage • Artistic Developments • Freestanding Figures • High & Low Relief Carvings • The “Archaic Smile” • Vase Painting • Black- and Red-Figure Styles

  11. [Image 2.9] Calf-Bearer

  12. [Image 2.10] Peplos Kore

  13. [Image 2.13] Kritios Boy

  14. [Image 2.15] Euphronios, painter, Euxitheos, potter, red-figure calyx krater

  15. Architecture:The Doric Order • Simple dignity • No Base/20 flutes • Capital • Echinus, Abacus • Entablature • Architrave, frieze, triglyphs/metopes • Cornice, Pediment

  16. [Image 2.16] Basilica at Paestum

  17. Architecture:The Ionic Order • Ornate, fanciful • Tiered Base/24 flutes • Capital • Volutes • 3-D Architraves • Running Frieze

  18. Music and Dancein Early Greece • Doctrine of Ethos (Musical Theory) • Dorian, Phrygian modes • Music=Primarily vocal • Paean, dithyramb • Instrumentation • Cithera, aulos • Significance of Narratives • Music and Dance

  19. Literature and Philosophy • Hesiod • Theogony, Works and Days • Lyric verse vs. Heroic verse • Sappho • Presocratics • Materialists, Pythagoreanism, Dualists, Atomists • Herodotus (Father of History) • Right over Might

  20. Chapter 2: Discussion Questions • What significant differences exist between the cultures of the iron age and those of the bronze age? Explain. • Consider the role of religion in Early Greece. What does Early Greek theology suggest about the concerns of the society? Explain. • What were the causes for and the results of Greek colonization? Cite specific examples. • Explain the new directions of art in the Archaic Period. What do these changes suggest about the culture that was producing and patronizing this art?

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