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X-ray Pump-Probe Instrument

X-ray Pump-Probe Instrument. David Fritz XPP Instrument Scientist April 21, 2009. Outline. XPP Science XPP Goals and Physics Requirements XPP Instrument Overview X-ray Optics and Diagnostics Diffractometer System Detector Laser System Hutch Facilities Operating Modes

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X-ray Pump-Probe Instrument

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  1. X-ray Pump-Probe Instrument David Fritz XPP Instrument Scientist April 21, 2009

  2. Outline XPP Science XPP Goals and Physics Requirements XPP Instrument Overview X-ray Optics and Diagnostics Diffractometer System Detector Laser System Hutch Facilities Operating Modes Work Breakdown Structure Early Science Instrument Scope Costs Schedule Final Instrument Design Review

  3. Time Resolved Scattering C. Siders

  4. X-ray Pump-Probe Science • Phase Transitions • - Order / Disorder • - Metal/Insulator • Charge Transfer Reactions • - Photosynthesis • - Photovoltaics • - Vision • Vibrational Dynamics • Energy Dissipation and Flow photo- excitation Stampfli and Bennemann Phys. Rev. B 49, 7299 (1994) photo- excitation

  5. XPP Instrument Goals\Requirements • Goals • Facilitate time-resolved X-ray scattering/spectroscopy using LCLS coherent hard x-rays (4-25 keV) • 80 fs rms temporal resolution • Global Requirements (SP-391-000-33) • Capable of running in a shared beam mode using a future beam splitting monochromator • Instrument must be accessible while beam is delivered to FEH • Tailor and characterize X-ray and optical beam parameters • Spatial profile • Intensity • Repetition rate • Spectral bandwidth • Wavelength (optical laser) • Temporal profile (optical laser) • <1x10-7 Torr beamline vacuum

  6. XPP Instrument Overview Near Experimental Hall X-ray Transport Tunnel XPP Endstation Far Experimental Hall

  7. XPP Instrument Overview XPP Control Room XPP Endstation

  8. XPP Instrument Overview Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors Slits Intensity Monitor Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Photon Shutter

  9. XPP Instrument Overview Detector Mover Ultrafast Laser Detector Diagnostics Sample Goniometer X-ray Optics & Diagnostics

  10. XPP Instrument Overview 600 mm 2x 2 mm 2 mm 30 mm 1400 mm ( Floor )

  11. X-ray Optics and Diagnostics Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors Slits Intensity Monitor Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Photon Shutter

  12. X-ray Optics and Diagnostics Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors • X-ray Focusing Lens System • Down to 2 μm beam waist • Variable spot size from 2-10 μm and 40-60μm when working out of focus • Can withstand full LCLS flux • Variable lens to sample distance Slits Intensity Monitor Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor B. Lengeler et al., J. Synchrotron Rad., 6, 1153-1167 (1999). Photon Shutter

  13. X-ray Optics and Diagnostics Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors Slits Intensity Monitor • LUSI Attenuator\Pulse Picker System • Excellent Optical Quality • > 3 steps per decade of attenuation above 6 keV • > 1012 attenuation < 17 keV • Isolate 3rd harmonic from fundamental • Tailor rep rate up to 10 Hz Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Photon Shutter

  14. X-ray Optics and Diagnostics Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors Slits A Intensity Monitor • Harmonic Rejection Mirror System • Good optical quality • Si single crystal • 300 mm • No prefigure, no bender Profile Monitor B Sample Goniometer Detector Mover C Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Photon Shutter

  15. XPP Sample Goniometer • Tilt Platform • Capable of orienting large sample environments ( 50 kg) • Open access to allow close proximity laser optics • Operate in direct or future monochromatic beam • 200 mm platform to center of rotation distance Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors Slits Intensity Monitor Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Photon Shutter

  16. XPP Sample Goniometer • Kappa Goniometer • Capable of orienting small samples (~ 50 μm) over a wide range of reciprocal space • Sphere of confusion < 30μm • Open access to allow close proximity laser optics • Operate in direct or future monochromatic beam Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors Slits Intensity Monitor Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Photon Shutter

  17. XPP Detector Mover • Detector Mover • 10 cm – 100 cm sample to detector distance • Repeatable position the XPP detector pixels to a fraction of the pixel size • Definitively know the position of all detector pixels to a fraction of the pixel size • Operate in both interaction points without interferences • Remotely variable sample to detector distance • Permit the sample goniometer to meet the motion requirements • Decoupled from sample goniometer Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors Slits Intensity Monitor Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Photon Shutter

  18. XPP Detector • XPP Detector System • Developed at BNL • High detector quantum efficiency • Single photon sensitivity • Large dynamic range >103 • 104 photon dynamic range per pixel • 120 Hz readout rate • 1024 x 1024 square pixels • Four 512 x 512 quadrants • 90 µm pixel size

  19. Laser System • XPP Laser System • Will utilize and expand upon AMO laser system • AMO Laser Requirements • > 3 mJ per pulse energy at sample (800 nm) • < 50 fs pulse duration • 120 Hz • < 100 fs phase jitter to LCLS RF • Multipass amplifier • >20 mJ per pulse energy (800 nm) • < 50 fs pulse duration • 120 Hz • Frequency conversion capability • OPA • Harmonic generation • Temporal pulse shaping capability • Diagnostics suite • System designed such that a non-laser trained user can perform an XPP experiment • Sufficient automation to control laser parameters • Sufficient engineering controls to provide safe working environment

  20. Laser System PM1 F1 Spectrometer Csp PM2 Oscope Laser Oscillator Controls /2-1 Laser Hall F2 PMOsc Hutch 2 PM4 PM3 C2 C5 M2 VEC M1 /2-2 L2 L1 /2-3 Harmonics C1 To Experiment L4 M4 C4 M3 To Experiment L3 L5 2VEC C3 AC /2-4 PM5

  21. Laser System

  22. Hutch Facilities XPP Hutch facilities Raised flooring Storage cabinets, work benches and tool chests Utilities distribution

  23. Operating Modes • Photon operating modes described in LCLS Document 1.6.009 • XPP has two modes: • “In” Mode • SH1 must be closed for entry but can be open upon successful hutch search • SH2 always closed • “Out” Mode • XPP equipment moved out of beam and replaced by drift tube • No entry requirements

  24. Work Breakdown Structure

  25. Scope

  26. XPP Early Science Schedule FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 Preliminary Design Reviews • X-ray Optics Support Tables – August 2008 • Detector Mover Support – May 2009 XPP Advanced Procurement Review – November 2008 Final Instrument Design Review – February 2009 Final Design Reviews • Optical Table Layout\Containment – November 2008 • X-ray Optics Support Tables – January 2009 • Detector Mover Support – June 2009 Project Ready for CD-3A - June 2009 Award PO • Sample Goniometer – March 2009 • Hutch Facilities – June 2009 • Detector Mover – June 2009 • X-ray Optics Support Tables – June 2009 • Laser Containment System – October 2009 • Optical Tables – November 2009 • Laser Optics and Optomechanics - January 2010 Receive • Hutch Facilities – August 2009 • X-ray Optics Support Tables – September 2009 • Laser Containment System – January 2010 • Detector Mover – January 2010 • Sample Goniometer – March 2010 • Optical Tables – March 2010 • Laser Optics and Optomechanics - June 2010 Ready for Early Science – July 2010 Dates are Early Finish or Complete date

  27. XPP Level 3 Cost Breakdown • Costs baselined last Fall • Detector costs and schedule updated last month • ~$80k distributed to project contingency

  28. Final Instrument Design Review • Design review held on February 24-25, 2009 • PIDR Committee Members • Patric Den Hartog (ANL) • Paul Fuoss (ANL) • Erik Johnson (BNL) • Mohan Ramanathan (ANL) • Deming Shu (ANL) • Quotes from Report • “The committee believes that the technical scope described is concordant with the projected budget and the needs of the science community that will utilize the XPP instrument for early science at the LCLS. The project is being managed to assure that ES&H aspects are adequately addressed and that the agreed upon schedule and cost are respected.” • “Detailed findings, comments and recommendations are found within the report, but in summary the review committee believes that the XPP instrument is ready to proceed with fabrication to support the early science program at LCLS.”

  29. Final Instrument Design Review (2)

  30. Final Instrument Design Review (3)

  31. Final Instrument Design Review (4)

  32. Summary Instrument accommodates a wide variety of cutting edge research capabilities and fulfills the CD-0 mission The XPP instrument is versatile: X-ray optics can tailor FEL parameters for users Ultrafast laser system is highly configurable Various sample environments can be accommodated by sample goniometer system User operation start planned for Fall 2010 First call for proposals Fall 2009 XPP Website: http://lcls.slac.stanford.edu/xpp/

  33. FIDR Agenda

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