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ENGINEERING GRAPHICS 1E7

ENGINEERING GRAPHICS 1E7. Lecture 3: Orthographic Projections. Projections (1). Projections transform points from n (here, n = 3) dimensional space into a space of dimension less than n (here, n = 2) Points to be considered, Location of object Location of observer

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ENGINEERING GRAPHICS 1E7

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  1. ENGINEERING GRAPHICS1E7 Lecture 3: Orthographic Projections

  2. Projections (1) • Projections transform points from n (here, n = 3) dimensional space into a space of dimension less than n (here, n = 2) • Points to be considered, • Location of object • Location of observer • Plane of projection • Projectors

  3. Projections (2)

  4. Perspective Projections

  5. Parallel Projections

  6. Parallel Projections • Projectors are parallel to each other but not perpendicular to projection plane • Effective in pictorially representing objects

  7. Parallel Projections • Projectors are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the projection plane • Effective in technical representation of objects

  8. Axonometric The object is tilted with all three coordinate axes are visible in any one view (PP projection plane)

  9. Orthographic (Orthogonal) The object is at rest and two coordinate axes are visible in any one view (PP projection plane)

  10. Multiview Projections

  11. Multiview Projections • Front surfaces of object is parallel to plane of projection • Projectors or line of sights are perpendicular to projection plane • Projectors are parallel to each other and originate from any point on object

  12. The six views

  13. Angles • First angle projection – European System • Third angle projection – American System

  14. Front View Top View Right Side View Sketching Views (1) STEP 1: • Measure the overall width, depth and height of the object STEP 2: • Draw the construction (thin) lines following the number sequence

  15. Sketching Views (2) STEP 3: • Draw all the details using blocks STEP 4: • Sketch the circles and corners using compass

  16. Sketching Views (3) STEP 4: • Draw the centre lines, hidden lines • Lighten the construction lines and thicken the final lines.

  17. First Angle Projection

  18. First Angle Projection 1 How to draw plan and elevation?

  19. First Angle Projection 2 How to draw end view?

  20. First Angle Projection 3 Points to remember: • The ‘front view’ (or elevation) is the view with maximum information. • The ‘plan’ is below the ‘elevation’ (in projection). • The ‘end view’ is placed on the right if viewed from left side of object and on the left if viewed from right side. • ‘End view’ and plan face inwards from ‘elevation’.

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