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Yucca schidigera

Yucca schidigera. Yucca schidigera. Desert plant containing saponins Saponins – natural detergents Fat-soluble core + water-soluble side chain. Yucca schidigera. Used to reduce air ammonia in livestock buildings Used for odor control Fed to dogs & cats, reduces fecal odor

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Yucca schidigera

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  1. Yucca schidigera

  2. Yucca schidigera • Desert plant containing saponins • Saponins – natural detergents • Fat-soluble core + water-soluble side chain

  3. Yucca schidigera • Used to reduce air ammonia in livestock buildings • Used for odor control • Fed to dogs & cats, reduces fecal odor • Mechanism not known

  4. Yucca schidigera • Anti-protozoal activity in rumen • Reduces ruminal NH3 and increases microbial protein • Protozoal diseases in horses can cause inflammation of large intestine (colitis)

  5. Yucca schidigera • EPM – Equine protozoalmyeloencephalitis • Protozoa invade CNS tissues • Ingest protozoalsporocysts in feed & pasture • Saponins stimulate immune system

  6. Yucca schidigera • Anti-bacterial activity in rumen • Inhibits growth of Streptococcus bovis • Involvement in colic, laminitis?

  7. Yucca schidigera • Cheeke, P. R. 2000. Actual and potential applications of Yucca schidigeraand Quillajasaponariasaponins in human and animal nutrition. J. Anim. Sci. 77:1-10. • Hristov, A. N., T. A. McAllister, F. H. Van Herk, K.-J. Cheng, C. J. Newbold, and P. R. Cheeke. 1999. Effect of Yucca schidigeraon ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestion in heifers. JAS 77:2554-2563.

  8. Skin & Coat • Fat, fatty acids, Vitamin E, flax seed, soybean oil, wheatgerm oil • Linoleic acid – Omega-6 fatty acid • Linolenic acid – Omega-3 fatty acid

  9. Skin & Coat • Both are essential – must be in diet • Corn, wheat germ – high linoleic • Flax – high linolenic

  10. Linoleic Acid • 18 C polyunsaturated, 2 double bonds • 1st bond located at the 6th C numbered from the omega end • Safflower, sunflower, corn, soybean oils w α

  11. Omega-6 Fatty Acids • Linoleic (18:2ω-6) • Arachidonic (20:4ω-6) • Meat, eggs, dairy

  12. Linolenic Acid • 18 C polyunsaturated, 3 double bonds • 1st bond located at the 3rd C numbered from the omega end • Flax or linseed (55%), canola (10%), soybean oils w α

  13. Omega-3 Fatty Acids • Eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5ω-3) • Fatty fish, fish oil, seaweed (low) α w

  14. Omega-3 Fatty Acids • Docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6ω-3) • Fatty fish, fish oil, seaweed (low) w α

  15. Omega-3 Fatty Acids • Docosapentaenoic (DPA, 22:5ω-3 ) α w

  16. Lipids & Fatty Acids • Omega-6 fatty acids used to make omega-6 derived prostaglandins • Vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation, inflammation • Deficiency – skin lesions, dry scaly dermatitis, impaired wound healing

  17. Lipids & Fatty Acids • Omega-3 fatty acids used to make omega-3 derived prostaglandins • Vasodilation, anti-aggregation, anti-inflammation

  18. Feedstuff Fatty Acids

  19. Lipids & Fatty Acids • McCann & Carrick, 1998. Potential uses of omega-3 fatty acids in equine diseases. The Compendium, May, 1998.

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