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Galen of Pergamum

Galen of Pergamum. A Greek Doctor in Rome. Why were there Greek Doctors in Rome?. Roman respect for Greek Culture/Ideas Greece became a Roman Province Some were Slaves/Freed Slaves Some attracted by salaries Good Reputation/Plausible explanation for illnesses.

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Galen of Pergamum

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  1. Galen of Pergamum A Greek Doctor in Rome

  2. Why were there Greek Doctors in Rome? • Roman respect for Greek Culture/Ideas • Greece became a Roman Province • Some were Slaves/Freed Slaves • Some attracted by salaries • Good Reputation/Plausible explanation for illnesses

  3. Claudius Galen – The Early Years • Born in Greece (Turkey) 131AD • Trained in Alexandria • 152 – 157 • Worked at Asclepion • 157 - 162 • Went to Rome to make his Fortune • 162 • Gladiator School • 162 - 166 • Showman • Page 43

  4. Such stunts brought him to the attention of the Emperor

  5. Why is Galen Important • Galen was not famous for having new groundbreaking ideas. Rather, he was famous for improving upon and communicating existing Greek ideas • Four Humours • Anatomy • Physiology • Design • Writings

  6. Four Humours • Communicated the Hippocratic idea throughout the Roman Empire • Galen’s Improvement • Theory of Opposites • Apply Cucumbers for fevers • Hard physical exercise for weak people • Singing for Chest complaints • The idea of balance, moderation and regular exercise was received well by practical Romans

  7. Anatomy • Galen took the Hippocratic idea of Observation into the body • Widespread use of Dissection • Exposure to Human dissections at Alexandria • Pigs, dogs and Barbary Apes • Made some serious mistakes in describing Human Anatomy • Eg Only two chambers in Heart • Meticulously recorded what he saw

  8. Physiology • Galen used the data from his dissections and experiments to explain how the body worked • Brain controlled Speech • Role of Nerves • Arteries carried Mixture of blood & Air • Blood originated in Liver • Blood being continuously made and used up by the body

  9. Design • Galen took the Greek Holistic idea to explain how the body was an integrated whole • Everything has a purpose • Each organ has a specialised purpose but that they all need each other • Will influence Muslim and Christian faiths

  10. Writings • Galen took the Greek ideas on observation and Case notes to record and report on all of his medical procedures • Prolific Writer • 300+ books (150 survive) • Will provide the ‘Library’ for Western Medicine for the next 1500 years. • Mistakes and all!

  11. Curriculum Vitae • Galen is applying for a job to be the Emperor’s Personal Physician. Write a CV to apply to this job. Include: • Full Name, • Place and Date of Birth, • Education • Previous Work Experience • Publications • Personal Statement on Medical Beliefs

  12. Change and Continuity • Page 49 • Read the articles on page 49 • List examples of changes in Roman Britain • List examples of continuities in Roman Britain • List the groups of people who benefited the most from Roman influence • List the groups of people who benefited the least from Roman influence

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