Evolution of Computers: From Abacus to PC

1. Welcome

2. Unit 3 Computer

3. 课时分配

4. Warming up • The development of computer P17 Look at the pictures. Talk about each of them. Discuss what theyhave in common.

5. A calculator A huge computer An abacus A notebook computer/laptop A PC(=personal computer)

6. An abacus is an old calculating machine used in China until now. • A huge computer is built to solve some mathematical problems. But it is too big. • A calculator is a new calculating machine which can solve a large number of mathematical problems. • A PC is a personal computer which can solve all kinds of problems and is widely used now. • A notebook computer is a kind of useful computer which can be taken conveniently like a notebook.

7. Discussion You are asked to use the following expression in your discussion. • I think that … • In my opinion… • I believe that… • Why do you think so? • What’s your reason?

8. I think they all can calculate something.It can deal with some maths problem. I believe that they are our good friends.In our everyday life.we can not finish our work quickly without them. In my opinion ,people improve abacus,make it more useful and make it a computer.They are being used widely and conveniently in the world.

9. Soft disc (floppy disc) CD-ROM

10. printer

11. scanner

12. mp3

13. U S B

14. Some Information about the computers and the internet 硬件 Hardware Software Host Output Programs Memory Drives Desk-top computer Business computer Digital movie 软件 主机 输出 程序 内存储器 驱动器 台式计算机 商务计算机 数字影像

15. Chat rooms ,net bar, chat bar On-line friends Be on-line, on the internet Down-load files Send and receive e-mail Web fans Internet sites E-mail box Electronic mail Local Area Network Log in Log out netizen 网吧 网友 上网，在线 下载文件 收发邮件 网迷 网址 电子邮件箱 电子邮件 局域网 登陆 注销 网民

16. Using words and expressions Fill in the blanks with the proper words in the box Floppy disc chips monitor modem CD-ROM Key-board printer scanner

17. Complete the sentences with some of the words in the box. Monitor, mouse, keyboard, hard disc, floppy disc ,CD-ROM, printer, modem, monitor • A_________ is used to see your data on a computer . • A__________ or disk is the main device that a computer uses to store information. • A _________is a machine for printing text or pictures onto paper ,especially one connected to the computer. • A_________ is used to put data into a computer . • A________ _is often used to connect computers to each other though phone lines . • Data can also be stored in a ______________,which is small and can be carried easily. • A___________ is a disc that contains computer data. It can store a large amount of data. hard disk printer keyboard modem floppy disc Compact Disk Read only Memory CD-ROM

18. Discussion • What can computer be used for? • I think that … • In my opinion … • I believe that … • What’s your reason? • Why do you think so?

19. I use the computer or Internet to: • type my homework • draw pictures • play games • communicate with my friends. • gather related information for my lessons • buy the things I like, eg books and clothes. • listen to music • watch movies.

20. Pre-reading • What do you know about computer?For example,can you name some parts of computer? 2. How have computers changed our lives? • monitor • mouse • keyboard

21. Listen to the tape and answer the questions. computer 1.Who am I? • Who was the first person to make the earliest • computer? • A.Alan TuringB.Charles BabbageC. Charles Turing (B) 3.When was the “universal machine” built? A. In 1822 B. In 1642 C.1936 (c)

22. Read the text again and find out the changes of computer

23. Changes of thecomputer: Calculating machine Universalmachine Analytical machine (In1642) (In1822) (in1936) Artificialintelligence network internet (In the 1960s) (Inthe1970s)

24. 3 What were you called in 1936? 4 What did you get in the 1960s? 2 What happened to you in 1822? What happened to you in the 1970s? 1.Where were you in 1642?

25. InFrance 1 Where were you in 1642? 2 What happened to you in 1822? 3 What were you called in 1936? 4 What did you get in the 1960s? 5 What happened to you in the 1970s? I was built as an Analytical Machine by Charles Babbage. Universalmachine. I got my new transistors. I was brought into people’s homes.

26. Comprehending 1 Who is the speaker in this story? 2 Write down three sentences from the story to support your idea. A computer. 1 Then in 1822 I was built as an Analytical machine by Charles Babbage. 2 My real father was Alan Turing, … 3 However, people thought I was simple-minded until they discovered I had “artifical intelligence.”

27. Look at the timeline below.Fill in the blanks with in-formation from the reading above. Timeline • 1642:_________________________________ • ____: The Analytical Machine was made by Charles Babbage • 1936:___________________________________ ____________________________________ • 1960s:___________________________________ • _____: The first family of computers was connected to each other • 1970s:_________________________________________ • Now:__________________________________________ Thecomputer beganas acalculatingmachine 1822 AlanTuringwrotea bookto describe how computerscouldbemadetowork Computershad new transistors and became smaller 1960s Computerswere brought into people’s homes. Computersconnect people all over the world together

28. According to the timeline and the outline to finish the summary about the text The computer …….as a calculating machine in 1642, then in 1822, it was … as an Analytical Machine by … . At the year of 1936, Alan Turing …… to describe how computers ……. to work, and build a “universal machine “ to solve …………. With the development of ……., in the 1960s, computers had new transistors and became……, then were connected to each other by the internet. As the years had ……, computers were ……. peoples’ homes. Now computers have become the most important … to ……. all over the world together.

29. The summary about the text The computer began only as a calculating machine in 1642, then in 1822, it was built as an Analytical Machine by Charles Babbage . At the year of 1936, Alan Turing wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and build a “universal machine “ to solve mathematical problem. With the development of information technology, in the 1960s, computers had new transistorsand became smaller and smaller, then were connected to each other by the internet. As the years had gone by, computers were brought into peoples’ homes. Now computers have become the most important tools to connect people all over the world together.

30. Homework Read the text carefully, find out the difficult points.

31. a calculating machine, in 1642 an analytical machine, in 1822 a universal machine, in 1936 got new transistors, in 1960s connected, network, in the early 1960s brought into people’s homes, in 1970s, communicate with by the Internet

32. I was born in_____in France. In____, I was built as an__________________,following instructions from cards with holes. In_____, my real father, Alan Turing, described how computers could be made to work in a book and solved any mathematic problem by_________ a ________machine. People were surprised at my artificial____________ . At first, I was the size of a large room. As times has gone by, I have been made smaller and smaller. In the______, I got new transistors. My memory became______ and_____, but I got ________and________, quicker and quicker. 1642 1822 Analytical Machine 1936 building universal intelligence 1960s larger larger cleverer cleverer

33. I could share information with others and talk to each other by a net. It was in the_________ that my family and I have been used by billions of people. I am happy that I have truly been built to serve _______ ________since my birth. 1970s humane race

34. Languge points

35. 1.common adj. 普通的，常见的；共有的，共用的 ①在英国Smith是个很普通的名字。 Smith is a common name in England. ②他们对音乐都有着共同的强烈兴趣。 A great interest in music was common to them.. in common (with) (和……)一样 have sth. in common (with) (与……)有共同之处 ③他们虽是兄弟，但毫无共同之处。 They are brothers, but they have nothing in common. ④和许多人一样，他喜欢古典音乐，而不喜欢流行音乐。

36. In common with many people, he prefers classical music to pop music. ⑤In common with many other girls, Anne likes dancing. (1)They have a lot________ and became good friends very soon. A. in common B. in case C. in surprise D. in interest (2)Does this book have_________________ (共同之处)with that one? (3)We are___________________ (普通人), but we can do something well. (4)______________________________ (和多数英国人一样), he enjoys football. A anything in common common people In common with most Englishmen

37. (6)像许多年轻的夫妇一样,他们不喜欢跟父母住在(6)像许多年轻的夫妇一样,他们不喜欢跟父母住在 一起. ____ ________ _______ ______ ______ _____, they do not like to live with their parents. (7)我们在业余爱好方面有许多共同之处． We ______ ___ ___ ___ ______ ______ each other in hobby. (8)这两次地震有什么共同点吗？ Do the two earthquakes ______ ______ ____ ________? (9)这游泳池由附近的孩子们共同使用. The swimming pool ____ ____ ____ ______ by all the children in the neighbourhood. In common with many young couples have a lot in common with have anything in common is used in common

38. (10) ______ he gets up at 6:30. But today he • got up earlier than ______. • Commonly; usual B. Normally; usually • C. Usually; usual D. Usually; common • (11) Are Mary and Susan ______ names for • girls in English-speaking countries? • usual B. common C. ordinary D. normal • (12)The twin sisters have ______ with each • other except that they look alike. • a lot in common B. little in common • C. nothing in common D. no common A B B

39. 2. in one’s opinion依……来看 在我们看来，秋天是北京最好的季节 ①In our opinion, autumn is the best season in Beijing. ② What’ s your opinion of this question? in one's view =in the view of sb. = in one's opinion = in the opinion of sb. 据……的见解

40. be of the same opinion意见一致 be of different opinions意见不一致 have a good opinion of... 对……评价高 have a poor opinion of ... 对……评价低 (1)_________that this one will meet our need. A. In my opinion B. I believe C. I think in mind D. I seem (2)_________ (依我来看), the price is not reasonable. B In my opinion

41. of different opinions (3)They are___________________(意见不一致). (4)People_________________________(对他评价很低). have a poor opinion of him

42. 3.follow跟随；沿着；听懂；遵循；听从 follow one’s instructions 执行(某人的)指令 ①Follow this road, and you'll get there. ②I'm sorry I don't quite follow you. ③You should follow the rules of the lab when you are doing experiment. 沿着这条路走，你就会到那儿。 对不起，我不太明白你的意思。 你们做实验时，就应该遵守实验室的规则。

43. ④你先走，我随后就到。 ⑤如果你听从我的劝告而努力学习，你考试就能及格。 instructions 意为“指示，命令” ;“说明”时，常用复数形式。 ⑥他指示我们尽快完成这项任务。 He gave us instructions to finish this task as soon as possible. You go first, then I’ll follow you. If you follow my advice and study hard, you will pass the exam. The instructions are on the bottle. 瓶子上有说明。

44. ①村民们仍然遵从他们祖先的习俗. The villagers still _________________ of their grandfathers. ②他走进商店,他的妻子紧随其后. He walked into the shop first and his wife _________. ③顺着这条大街走,你就能走到那所学校. ______ this street ______ you get to the school. followthe customs followed Follow until

45. ④他说得那么快,我都听不清了. He spoke so fast __________________________. ⑤老师命令学生及早到达. The teacher gave the students _______________ ____________. ⑥服这药之前你要看看瓶上的说明. Read the ___________ on the bottle ______ you ____ the medicine. ⑦有时她指导滑冰. She sometimes _________________ in skating. that I couldn’t follow him instructions to arrive early before instructions take gives instruction

46. D • (8)There was a terrible noise_____ the sudden burst of light. • followed B. being followed • C. to be followed D. following • (9)You should take the medicine according to the_________ on the bottle. • A. instructions B. orders • C. advices D. descriptions A

47. follow the teacher’s advice (10)I__________________________(接受了老师的建议) and pay more attention to my spoken English. (11) As a soldier, you must learn_____________(服从命令). (12)You should give______________________ (清楚的说明)for every exercise. (13)I______________________(跟着他进了房子) to follow orders the clear instructions followed him into the house

48. 4.sound The music sounds sweet. 音乐听起夹很 It sounds (like) a good idea. 这听起来是个好主意。 It sounds as if they can do nothing about it. 听起来他们好像也没有办法。 (1)What he has said_____________. A. sounds interesting B. sounds interested C. sounded like interesting D. is sounded interesting (2)The soup tasted_____________. A. good B. well C. badly D. terribly A A

49. seems easy (3)The task_______________(看起来很容易) ,but it took us a week. (4)Cotton_______________________(摸起来很软). feels very soft

50. 5. simple简单的；单纯的；朴素的 ①请用简单的英语写一则故事。 Please write a story in simple English. ②他并不像看上去那样单纯。 He is not as simple as he looks. ③她过着朴素的生活。 She lives a simple life.