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What is MICE

What is MICE. M uon I onisation C ooling E xperiment What is Ionisation Cooling ? Cooling = Reduction of Beam Emittance Energy Loss + Reacceleration = Reduction of p T / p L Limited Multiple Scattering Works better with light materiel (low Z) Works only for low energy muons

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What is MICE

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  1. What is MICE • Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment • What is Ionisation Cooling ? • Cooling = Reduction of Beam Emittance • Energy Loss + Reacceleration = Reduction of pT /pL • Limited Multiple Scattering • Works better with light materiel (low Z) • Works only for low energy muons • No Energy Loss by Radiation • No Hadronic Interaction Jean-Sébastien Graulich

  2. Why MICE is Needed • Standard Cooling doesn’t work for muons • Stochastic and electron cooling are too slow • Never tested • No doubt on the principle but practical challenges • Large RF Cavities in Strong Magnetic Field • Liquid Hydrogen (Energy) Absorbers • Major source of uncertainty on the cost and complexity of a Muon Storage Ring • Better to Prototype/study it !… A factor 10 in intensity and 20% of the cost… Jean-Sébastien Graulich

  3. Why a Muon Storage Ring • Possible future big projects for Pf • International Linear Collider • Neutrino Factory • Muon Collider • … • There is interest for a NuFact in Europe • RAL: Very positive sign : Approval ! + Call for a scoping study • CERN (report from Scientific Policy Committee to council): “Future neutrino facilities offer great promise for fundamental discoveries. CERN should join the world effort in developing technologies for new facilities : Beta beams, Neutrino Factory…wherever they are sited.” “Focus now on enabling CERN to do the best choice by 2010 on future physics programme.” • ECFA recommended “a co-ordinated collaborative R&D effort to determine the feasibility and practical design of a neutrino factory based on a high energy muon storage ring” (already in Sept 2001). • EMCOG (European Muon Coordination and Oversight Group): “The issue of ionisation cooling is critical and this justifies the important effort that the experiment [MICE] represents” (Feb 2003) Require Muon Storage Ring Jean-Sébastien Graulich

  4. Neutrino factory at CERN • - Neutrino Factory is considered the ultimate neutrino facility • Allows precision measurement of • Sin2q13 • n Mass hierarchy • leptonic CP violation http://muonstoragerings.cern.ch Jean-Sébastien Graulich

  5. MICE collaboration • Started in 2001 • 40 institutions, 8 countries, ~150 people • Main participants • RAL and UK collaboration, • FNAL and US Neutrino factory and Muon Collider Collab. • KEK, Osaka • INFN Milano, Roma, Napoli Frascati, and.. • DPNC Geneva, (and CERN) • MICE is approved at RAL (Oct 03) • UK funding released on March 05 • MICE is a Recognised Experiment at CERN (RE11) Jean-Sébastien Graulich

  6. MICE will be hosted at RAL using ISIS beam MICE Site • 200 MeV/c muons • 600 muons / Spill • 1ms Spill duration • 1 Spill / second Jean-Sébastien Graulich

  7. Coupling Coils 1&2 Spectrometer solenoid 1 Matching coils 1&2 Matching coils 1&2 Spectrometer solenoid 2 Focus coils 1 Focus coils 3 Focus coils 2 Beam PID TOF 0 Cherenkov TOF 1 RF cavities 1 RF cavities 2 Downstream particle ID: TOF 2 Cherenkov Calorimeter Liquid Hydrogen absorbers 1,2,3 Trackers 1 & 2 measurement of emittance in and out MICE concept:Beam Diagnostic using particle per particle tracking m VariableDiffuser Incoming muon beam Jean-Sébastien Graulich

  8. Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment MICE Summary Aims: - Engineer and run a section of cooling channel - Measure emittance with 0.1 % accuracy Final PID: TOF Cherenkov Calorimeter Main challenges: - RF in magnetic field! - Safety issues 4T spectrometer II Status: Approved at RAL(UK) First beam: 04-2007 Funded in: UK,CH,JP,NL,US Requests: CH,It,JP,US Cooling cell (~10%) b=5-45cm, liquid H2, RF 4T spectrometer I TOF Single-m beam ~200 MeV/c Some prototyping: 200MHz RF cavity with beryllium windows Jean-Sébastien Graulich Liquid-hydrogen absorbers Scintillating-fiber tracker

  9. PHASE I - Understand systematics - Check optical match PHASE II Test ionization cooling m - STEP I: April 2007 MICE Plan STEP II: October 2007 STEP III: 2008 STEP IV: 2008 STEP V 2008? STEP VI 2009? Jean-Sébastien Graulich

  10. Geneva in MICE • Management (Alain Blondel) • AB is Spokesperson • Funding • Trigger and Data Acquisition • R&D for a tracker upgrade • TPC with GEM readout • Request for a Swiss coupling coil being submitted (contact: Bruker Biospin Faellanden-CH) Jean-Sébastien Graulich

  11. Coupling Coils • Currently, the coupling coils would be funded by the US…in 2011! • MICE results would be *very* late… If MICE is delayed, the neutrino factory might miss the next take off… 2010… EURO PF nFact A STRATEGIC contribution! Jean-Sébastien Graulich

  12. Geneva in MICE (1) • RF Background Simulation (Rikard Sandstrom) • High-gradient Cu RF cavities in high magnetic field ! • Field emission of electrons (dark current) -> Magnetic field focuses dark currents and lowers onset of breakdown -> Electrons produce X-ray by Bremsstrahlung, and produce breakdowns -> X-rays convert into the detectors • Direct measurement + Simulation => Tracker validation • tests of 200 MHz cavity about to begin in FermiLab. • Coupling coil will be necessary to test cavity with realistic magnetic field! Operation of RF cavities in Mag. Field is the hardest challenge of MICE! Jean-Sébastien Graulich

  13. Geneva in MICE (2) • PID Simulation (Rikard Sandtrom) • Muons decay in flight • > positrons • Cause systematics error on the emittance measurement • Bias must remain below 10-3 • PID detectors used in Neural Network • > weight for “muonness” + study role of time measurements in determination of 6D emittances Jean-Sébastien Graulich

  14. Geneva in MICE (3) • DAQ • 600 muons per 1 ms Spill, repeated at 1 Hz • All the tracking and PID data have to be buffered in the FEE and read out at the end of the spill • About 20 MB / Spill (20 GB / Run) => Architecture based on HARP experience • Control and Monitoring • Detector + Beam Line + Cooling Channel • Several 100 of parameters • Should react at the spill rate (> 1Hz) Jean-Sébastien Graulich

  15. Conclusion • MICE: Muon Ionisation Cooling R&D • Precision emittance measurement (0.1 %) • Needed for high lumi. Muon Storage Ring -> Neutrino Factory • Recognised and Funded • Sited at RAL • Should give results before 2010 -> big decisions for post LHC era • Geneva is deeply involved • Simulation: RF background, PID • DAQ Jean-Sébastien Graulich

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