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Introduction to Dante Alighieri’s Inferno

Introduction to Dante Alighieri’s Inferno. Allegory in General. A figurative mode of representation conveying meaning other than the literal Generally treated as a figure of rhetoric, but does not have to be expressed in language. Allegory.

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Introduction to Dante Alighieri’s Inferno

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  1. Introduction to Dante Alighieri’s Inferno

  2. Allegory in General • A figurative mode of representation conveying meaning other than the literal • Generally treated as a figure of rhetoric, but does not have to be expressed in language

  3. Allegory • A device used to present an idea, principle or meaning, which can be presented in literary form or in visual form

  4. Allegory as a Literary Device • An extended metaphor through an entire narrative • Objects, persons, and actions are equated with meanings that lie outside the text

  5. Dante Alighieri

  6. About Dante’s Comedy • There are three parts or canticas. • Each part is composed of 33 cantos (with one canto – the first – serving as an introduction). • Each verse has three lines (or tercets).

  7. Midway in our life’s journey, I went astray from the straight road and woke to find myself alone in a dark wood…

  8. Jeremiah 5:6 “Therefore a lionfrom the forest shall kill them…

  9. … a wolf from the desert shall destroy them…

  10. A leopard is watching against their cities…

  11. Everyone who goes out of them shall be torn in pieces because their transgressions are many, their apostasies are great.”

  12. Virgil I was a soul among the souls of Limbo, when a Lady so blessed and so beautiful… called to me.

  13. Beatrice “I come from there, where I would fain return;Love moved me, which compelleth me to speak.”

  14. The Descent into Hell Dante’s Journey Begins

  15. The Law of Symbolic Retribution: As they sinned, so are they punished.

  16. I AM THE WAY INTO THE CITY OF WOE. I AM THE WAY TO A FORSAKEN PEOPLE. I AM THE WAY INTO ETERNAL SORROW…`

  17. SACRED JUSTICE MOVED MY ARCHITECT. I WAS RAISED HERE BY DIVINE OMNIPOTENCE, PRIMORDIAL LOVE AND ULTIMATE INTELLECT…

  18. ABANDON ALL HOPE YE WHO ENTER HERE.

  19. The Vestibule of Hell “But because thou art lukewarm and neither cold nor hot, I will begin to vomit thee out of my mouth.” Revelation 3:16

  20. On the Shores of Acheron “… what souls these are…eager to cross… in this infected light…”

  21. “Woe to you depraved souls! Bury here and forever all hope of Paradise: I come to lead you to the other shore, into eternal dark, into fire and ice.” Charon

  22. Circle 1: Limbo “…these [souls] were sinless… suffering Hell in one affliction only: that without hope we live on in desire.” Virgil

  23. Minos… examines each lost soul… and delivers his verdict with his coiling tail…

  24. Circle 2: The Carnal “Their hellish flight… sweeps the souls of the damned before its charge. Whirling and battering it drives them on…”

  25. “Love, which permits no loved one not to love, took me so strongly with delight in him that we are one in Hell, as we were above.”

  26. “Love led us to one death. In the depths of Hell Caina waits for him who took our lives.”

  27. Circle 3: The Gluttons “…hailstones, dirty water, and black snow pour from the dismal air… monstrous Cerberus… howls through his triple throats…”

  28. “We made our way across the sodden mess of souls the rain beat down… all those illusions of being seemed to lie drowned in the slush…”

  29. Circle 4: The Hoarders and the Wasters

  30. “… these shades dance and crash eternally… they strained their chests against enormous weights… rolled them at one another… one party shouting out: ‘Why do you hoard?’ and the other: ‘Why do you waste?’”

  31. Circle 5:Wrathful and Sullen …the river floods and forms a marsh called Styx, a dreary swampland, vaporous and malignant.

  32. The Journey Continues Circles Six to Nine

  33. A thousand shades of spirits purged from Heaven…

  34. …all at once three hellish and inhuman Furies sprang to view, bloodstained and wild.

  35. Clearly, he was a messenger from God’s Throne… He reached the Gate of Dis and with a wand he waved it open…

  36. Circle Six: The Heretics … here the tombs were chests of pain: for, in a ring around each tomb, great fires raised every wall to a red heat.

  37. “… Like lies with like in every heresy, and the monuments are fired, some more, some less; to each depravity its own degree.”

  38. The Minotaur … and there at the very top… lay spread the Infamy of Crete, the heir of bestiality and the lecherous queen who hid in a wooden cow.

  39. Circle Seven: The Violent Violent Against Neighbor

  40. The Violent Violent Against Themselves I heard cries of lamentation rise and spill… but saw no souls in pain in all that waste…

  41. The Violent Violent Against God, Nature, and Art

  42. And over all that sand on which they lay or crouched or roamed, great flakes of flame fell slowly as snow falls in the Alps on a windless day.

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