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Nevada High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area (NIDTA) Annual Threat Assessment - 2010 . #1 drug threat – methamphetamine Most available, frequently used – marijuana Increase in heroin (black tar) Seizure rates: 2007 – 1 kilo 2008 – 6 kilos
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Nevada High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area (NIDTA) Annual Threat Assessment - 2010 • #1 drug threat – methamphetamine • Most available, frequently used – marijuana • Increase in heroin (black tar) • Seizure rates: 2007 – 1 kilo 2008 – 6 kilos 2009 – 13 kilos Heroin being obtained in lieu of pharmaceutical analgesics (cheaper, easier to obtain)
Adderall • Psychostimulant combination of Detroamphetamine and Levoamphetamine • Increase alertness, libido, concentration and overall cognitive performance while decreasing fatigue • Available in two forms: Instant Release (IR) – indicated for use in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy, and eXtended Release (XR) – approved for use only with ADHD • Schedule II drug (has significant abuse/addiction potential)
Adderall, continued • Adderall IR doses available in 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 15, 20, and 30 mg • Adderall XR doses available in 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30mg • Can significantly increase blood pressure, has the same risk of causing sudden death, stroke, and heart attack as methylphenidate (Ritalin) and other stimulants
Adderall continued • Used as a “study drug” and as a party drug • University of Wisconsin study (2004) – 14% of students used an ADHD medicine for “study/party” purpose • College campuses seen to be highly competitive or had high rates of binge drinking had 25% of their students misusing an ADHD medicine (Twohey, Megan – 2006) • Adderall has been banned by the Nevada State Athletic Commission
Salvia Divinorum • Member of the sage family • Used for centuries by Mazatec shamans (induce a trancelike state to find the cause of a person’s illness) • Chewed/smoked – dreamlike hallucinations, out of body experiences, occasional delirium • Major affects last only for minutes, disappear in about ½ hour (compared to DMT “trips” in the 60’s)
Kratom • Medicinal leaf from a large tree in the Rubiaceae family native to Southeast Asia • Now illegal in Thailand and Malaysia, but was traditionally used for its psychoactive properties (leaves were chewed by manual workers/laborers seeking a numbing and stimulating affect) • Psychoactive affects reported to be short-lived, and disappear a few hours • Mild dependence/withdrawal reported (depression, fatigue, restlessness, insomnia, teary eyes) • DEA has added Kratom to their list of “drugs and chemicals of concern
Damiana • Shrub native to Mexico, the Caribbean, and Central/South America • Traditionally used for its reported aphrodisiac affects • Drank as a tea • Used as a herbal medicine (energy, low estrogen, frigidity, hot flashes, impotency, menopause) • When smoked, affects similar to tobacco – when combined with Passionflower can be extremely relaxing and sleep inducing • Ingredient in “Black Mamba” – head shop product reported to have affects similar to marijuana
Synthetic Cannabinoid • HU-210: synthesized in 1988 • More potent and has extended duration of action than natural THC from cannabis • Potent analgesic • Reported (along with other synthetic cannabinoids like WIN 55, 212-2 and JWH-133) to reduce inflammation • When included in “Spice” products, can be seized by legal authorities
GHB (gamma hydroxybutyrate • Rapidly acting CNS depressant • Used as a sleep inducer in the 60’s and 70’s • Affects can be similar to alcohol (disinhibition and sedation), ecstasy (sensory enhancement and empathy), and heroin intoxication (euphoria) • Usually taken in liquid form (alcohol/water – capful or teaspoonful – 2.5 grams) • Affects can last 3-6 hours ( a dose can cost $5-10) • 1 gram - relaxation • 2 grams - respiration/heart rate drops; coordination, balance and circulation are disrupted • 2-4 grams – speech and coordination become impaired
GHB continued • Side affects: depression, delusions, hallucinations, seizures, nausea, vomiting (can be a warning of an impending overdose), respiratory depression, greatly reduced heart rate, and coma/death • Thought to lower dopamine levels – can induce sleep, but when the user awakes, can be very aroused and active • Withdrawal can be severe/difficult – may include seizures • Has been used as a “date rape” drug (induces euphoria while lowering inhibitions)
Alphabet with Number Drugs • 2C-T-7 and 2C-T-2 • psycho-stimulants • heightened sensitivity, increased awareness, and can induce delirium – unpleasant affects include nausea, vomiting , and muscle tension • can cause life threatening cardiovascular affects in high doses • many street names • 2C-B (Nexus) • amphetamine-like • affects are “dose variable” – mild stimulation at low doses and intense hallucinogenic experiences with high doses
Reported Reno Drug Prices • THC (dank, chronic, bud, weed, BC, goo, grass, skunk) • 1/8 - $40-50 • “dub” – 1.5-1.7 grams - $20 • ¼ oz - $70-100 • 1 lb - $2200 - 3000 • Mollies (reported to be “pure” MDMA • .1 gram - $20 • Ecstasy (e, XTC) • 1 pill/tab - $10 • Cocaine • 1 gram - $40-50 • eightball - $120 • Methamphetamine • 1 gram $10 • “Shrooms” • 1/8 oz - $20 • LSD (acid) • 1 hit - $4-10
WHAT NOW? • Questions • Comments • Suggestions THANK YOU