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INFECTION CONTROL

INFECTION CONTROL. Why is Infection Control Important?. “ Hospitals should do the sick no harm”. Florence Nightingale (1859). Patients are vulnerable to infection. WHERE CAN MICRO-ORGANISMS BE FOUND ? Environment People Equipment Food. WHAT DO MICRO-ORGANISMS NEED TO GROW? Warmth

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INFECTION CONTROL

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  1. INFECTION CONTROL

  2. Why is Infection Control Important?

  3. “Hospitals should do the sick no harm”. Florence Nightingale (1859)

  4. Patients are vulnerable to infection

  5. WHERE CAN MICRO-ORGANISMS BE FOUND ? Environment People Equipment Food WHAT DO MICRO-ORGANISMS NEED TO GROW? Warmth Moisture Food source Time

  6. Hands Through the air Via equipment e.g. Commodes Puncture of the skin Food An infected person Droplets Contact Skin scales HOW DO THEY SPREAD?

  7. Standard precautions are the minimal level of infection control precautions that apply to all patients at all times in all situations.

  8. Who is responsible for implementing Standard Precautions?

  9. We all are. All NHSGGC employees must follow the requirements of the Standard Precautions Policy – See your ward Infection Control Manual for information.

  10. Masks and Eye protection Hand hygiene Environment Clinical Waste Patient care equipment Linen Occupational Exposure PPE There are 10 elements to Standard Precautions Isolating infectious patients Spillages Cough Etiquette

  11. Hand Hygiene The simplest and most effective method of preventing the spread of infection

  12. Hand Hygiene • Simple and effective • Proven to reduce the risk of acquiring HAI • Use of alcohol gels • Performed between each patient intervention • Ensure technique is good

  13. Palm to palm fingers interlaced. Right palm over left dorsum and left palm over right dorsum. Wet hands, apply soap. Palm to palm. Rotational rubbing, backwards and forwards with clasped fingers of right hand in left palm and vice versa. Rotational rubbing of right thumb clasped in left palm and vice versa. Backs of fingers to opposing palms with fingers interlocked. Remember to wash past your wrists

  14. Alcohol Hand Gel • Used as a compliment to handwashing not a replacement • Good for rapid disinfection of skin • Can only be used on physically clean hands • Suitable for use on ward rounds between patients. • Should only be used up to 5 times then wash hands with soap and water • Placed at every bed space within NHSGGC

  15. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) • Gloves • Aprons • Eye protection • Face shields • Masks

  16. Protective Vulnerable patients, with poor immune systems. Patients who may be receiving chemotherapy Stop these patients catching an infection Source Patients identified ascarrying bugs that could cause other patients to become ill if it was passed onto them. Isolation

  17. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) • What is MRSA? • What are the predisposing risk factors? • What is colonised, What is infected? • How is MRSA transmitted

  18. MRSA screening • Who should be screened • When should they be screened • What samples should be taken • What treatment should be given • What about isolation

  19. Clostridium difficile Symptoms • Watery, foul smelling stools. • Abdominal pain. • Pyrexia (high temperature) • Dehydration.

  20. How to prevent spread of Clostridium Difficile to other patients • If they have diarrhoea send a sample. • Isolate them in a side room. • Use Personal Protective Equipment. • Encourage the patient to wash their hands after using the toilet. • Clean the commode thoroughly after every use with Actichlor Plus.

  21. OUTBREAKS

  22. OUTBREAKS • What is an outbreak • When should infection control be notified • What information is required • Can patients be discharged/transferred • Can patients attend for examinations e.g. x-ray • Enhanced cleaning • Outbreak is over, what now?

  23. BRISTOL STOOL CHART Long Transit e.g 100 hours Types 1-5 do not send specimens to microbiology. Types 6 and 7 send specimens to microbiology Short transit e.g 10 hours

  24. Prevention and Control of Infection Team • There are Prevention and Control of Infection Teams available for specialist Infection Control advice within NHSGGC • Contact details of local Infection Control Teams (ICT) can be found within NHSGGC Prevention and Control of Infection Manual, via your local switchboard or website; www.nhsggc.org.uk/infectioncontrol

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