Reconstruction Study Guide

1. Reconstruction Study Guide ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What were the lasting impacts(effects) of Abraham Lincoln, Robert E. Lee, & Frederick Douglass? Abraham Lincoln e c o n s t r u c t i o n n i o n u n i s h i n g o u t h

3. What were the lasting impacts(effects) of Abraham Lincoln, Robert E. Lee, & Frederick Douglass? Robert E. Lee o u t h m e r i c a n s r e s i d e n t a s h I n g t o n o l l e g e

4. What were the lasting impacts(effects) of Abraham Lincoln, Robert E. Lee, & Frederick Douglass? Frederick Douglass m e n d m e n t o t i n g i g h t s i b e r t i e s

5. What were the lasting impacts(effects) of Abraham Lincoln, Robert E. Lee, & Frederick Douglass? Robert E. Lee Frederick Douglass Abraham Lincoln

6. What are the basic provisions (parts) of the 13th, 14th, & 15th Amendments?

8. Some of the Reconstructionpolicies were harsh and created problems in the South. Think about these policies. Which ones do y o u feel were harsh to the ordinary Southerner? Explain why. i l i t a r y • Southern m__________________ leaders could • NOT hold office. • African-Americans could hold • p__________________ o_________________ f f i c e u b l i c • African-Americans gained equal rights as a • result of the… • C_______________ R_________ A________ of 18_______ • which authorized the use of federal troops for • its enforcement. i v i l i g h t s c t 6 5 ** You need to memorize these policies!!!

9. Some of the Reconstructionpolicies were harsh and created problems in the South. Think about these policies. Which ones do y o u feel were harsh to the ordinary Southerner? Explain why. o r t h e r n • N_________________ soldiers supervised • the South. • Freedman’s Bureau was established to • help former enslaved African-Americans. • Southerners resented northern “carpetbaggers” • who took advantage of the South during Reconstruction. ** You need to memorize these policies!!!

11. 4. How did Reconstruction end? • Reconstruction ended with the E_______________________ of _____________. • 1.) F____________________ troops were removed from the South. • 2.) Rights that African Americans had gained were l_____________ • through B____________ C___________. • What were Black Codes? • These were laws that l_________________ the rights of African-Americans. They • were also called J______________ C_____________ laws. • Examples: • * In Mississippi, black Americans were not allowed to grow their own crops to eat. • * In some states, African Americans had to have written permission to enter towns. • * There were nightly curfews for African Americans, no matter what age they were. l e c t i o n 1 8 7 6 e d e r a l i m i t e d o d e s l a c k i m i t e d i m r o w

12. Rutherford B. Hayes struck a deal: Rutherford B. Hayes: 4,036,298 votes (48%) Democratic candidate: 4,300,590 votes (51%) Votes were disputed in… South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana

13. What does RED mean? • What does BLUE mean? • What does BROWN mean? • Where are most of the red states? • What party did most of the southern states vote for?

14. Republicans & Democrats struck a “deal.” Democrats promised: • To not argue about Hayes winning of the election. • To recognize blacks as equal citizens. (But this didn’t happen.) • Republicans promised: • To keep out of the Southern states’ “business.” • To make a southerner one of the President’s main assistants. So… Hayes becomes President even though he didn’t win the most votes.

15. So, what happened after Reconstruction???

16. Plessy v. Ferguson - 1896

17. Plessy v. Ferguson • Homer Plessy was 1/8 black & 7/8 white. • He sat in the white section of a train. • He was told to go to the “colored” car of the train. • He was arrested.

18. Plessy’s Family Tree Homer’s Parents 1 of Plessy’s grandparents was ½ black, ½ white. Homer’s Grandparents Homer’s Great Grandparents

19. o u i s i a n a e g r e g a t e d 6. Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896) In L_____________________________, train companies used s_______________________ cars for their customers. Homer Plessy was a man who was 1/8 black. He entered the t____________________ and sat in the w_______________ car of the train instead of the c_______________ car of the train and was a_________________________. H________________P________________ sued, but the c________________ stated that as long as the cars were “r___________________ e____________,” separate cars were l_________________. 7. What was the effect of Plessy vs. Ferguson? This decision by the c________________ actually gave permission for other businesses to s_____________________, which they did. r a i n h i t e o l o r e d r r e s t e d o u r t o m e rl e s s y o u r t o u g h l y q u a l e g r e g a t e e g a l

20. 6. Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896) In L_____________________________, train companies used s_______________________ cars for their customers. Homer Plessy was a man who was 1/8 black. He entered the t____________________ and sat in the w_______________ car of the train instead of the c_______________ car of the train and was a_________________________. H________________P________________ sued, but the c________________ stated that as long as the cars were “r___________________ e____________,” separate cars were l_________________. o u i s i a n a e g r e g a t e d h i t e r a i n o l o r e d r r e s t e d o m e rl e s s y o u r t o u g h l y q u a l e g a l

21. The Supreme Court ruled thatseparate places were okay as long asthey were “roughly equal.” Separate facilities Equal facilities

22. But it wasn’t equal.More & more businesses started to segregate people by the color of their skin.

23. Schools • Hospitals • Parks • Restaurants

25. Georgia, 1938 It’s always been like this for us.

26. Segregated school in Arkansas, 1949– over 70 yrs. after Reconstruction.

28. Segregated movie theater– African-Americans had to sit in the balcony.

29. What did some African Americans do to escape the oppression of the Southern governments? They headed W ___ ___ ___ for a n___ ___ l___ ___ ___. They were often called e_________________________________. e s t e w i f e x o d u s t e r s

32. Reconstruction ended in 1877, but African-Americans would struggle almost 88 more years until 1965 to receive equal rights.