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Circulatory System

Circulatory System. The Heart. A muscular organ that pumps blood throughout your body. Four chambers: Atria (left/right): move the blood from the body into the heart. They pump the blood into the ventricles Ventricles(left/right): pump the blood out of the heart

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Circulatory System

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  1. Circulatory System

  2. The Heart • A muscular organ that pumps blood throughout your body. • Four chambers: • Atria (left/right): move the blood from the body into the heart. They pump the blood into the ventricles • Ventricles(left/right): pump the blood out of the heart • Left ventricle pumps the blood out to the body. • Right ventricle pumps the blood to the lungs

  3. The Heart • Between the chambers are valves. • Valves allow the blood to flow in only one direction • “lub dub” is the opening and closing of the valves

  4. Circulatory System • The circulatory system is made up of blood vessels • All your blood vessels lined up would be about 100 000 km

  5. Types of Blood Vessels • Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from your heart. • Most carry oxygenated blood. • Arteries are thick walled and elastic to handle the pressurized flow. • The largest artery is the aorta. • Arteries branch into arterioles, and finally capillaries. • Capillaries are where gases and nutrients are exchanged with the cells

  6. After leaving the capillaries, the blood is deoxygenated • Blood is carried back to the heart through tiny venules and into the veins. • Veins have valves that prevent the backflow of blood. • Blood returns to the heart through the major veins; the superior vena cava, and the inferior vena cava.

  7. Components of Blood • Blood transports oxygen, nutrients, and water to your cells and carries carbon dioxide and wastes away from your cells. • Blood also carries cells that fight infection and heal wounds. • 55% of the 5L of blood is plasma. • Plasma: water, proteins and minerals, dissolved salts. • 45% of the 5L of blood are the Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

  8. Red blood cells: carry oxygen and carbon dioxide. • Formed in bone marrow, liver, and spleen. • Hemoglobin carries the oxygen. • White blood cells: fight infection. • Much larger than RBC’s • Platelets: help clot the blood by forming a scab.

  9. Respiratory System • When you breathe, you inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. • Your lungs deliver the oxygen, and excrete carbon dioxide. • Breathing brings the oxygen in, the air is filtered by cilia and mucus. • Air travels down the pharynx and larynx (voice box), and then the trachea. • At the base of the trachea are the bronchi, which branch into smaller tubes called bronchioles. • Finally, the air reaches tiny sacs called alveoli.

  10. Gas Exchange • Alveoli are tiny, thin-walled sacs. • Each alveolus is surrounded by capillaries. • O2 diffuses out of the alveolus into the blood and binds with red blood cells, and CO2 diffuses into the alveolus.

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