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Evaluate the decisions made to the major issues at the Paris Peace Conference

Day 97 Objectives. Evaluate the decisions made to the major issues at the Paris Peace Conference Judge the lasting effect of the Paris Peace Conference on Europe. Paris “Peace” Conference 1919. The end of WWI … A cause of WWII. Death & Destruction From WWI. Europe in shambles

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Evaluate the decisions made to the major issues at the Paris Peace Conference

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  1. Day 97 Objectives • Evaluate the decisions made to the major issues at the Paris Peace Conference • Judge the lasting effect of the Paris Peace Conference on Europe

  2. Paris “Peace” Conference 1919 The end of WWI… A cause of WWII

  3. Death & Destruction From WWI • Europe in shambles • About 10 million dead from war • What countries have most casualties? • France • Russia • Germany • A-H

  4. Death & Destruction from WWI • Most destruction in… • France • Belgium • Russia • New Govs • Russia – suspicious Communists • Germany – Kaiser flees • Broken Vases • A-H • Ottoman Empire • More death after WWI • famine • influenza

  5. The Big Three Georges Clemenceau (France) Woodrow Wilson (USA) David Lloyd George (GB)

  6. Woodrow Wilson • receives hero’s welcome • Bad politician who holds grudges • idealistic and stubborn • insists on 14 points • League of Nations • ideas were ahead of their time • Leaves France in 1919 quietly

  7. Georges Clemenceau • Typical politician • bitter hatred of Germany • wants Germany to dismantled to fullest extent • Afraid of Germany’s potential power of France • Wants what land back? • Has bargaining power since France was devastated the most

  8. Clemenceau Cont… • Disliked Wilson and his idealistic ideas • “Mr. Wilson bores me with his Fourteen Points. Why God Almighty has only ten!” • will debate and argue over the 14 Points and anger Wilson tremendously • Gets shot in the conference • Imperialistic, vengeful, bitter mindset will create future problems

  9. David LloydGeorge • Another typical politician • Stuck in the middle… • Poor foreign policy knowledge • wants Germany to stay strong to helpBritish economy • also has imperialistic mindset that creates future problems • sides with Clemenceau often on most issues and hurts Germany

  10. 4 Major Issues • Punishing Germany • Soviet Union & Communism threat • Self-Determination good & bad • Woodrow Wilson’s League of Nations

  11. 1: Punish Germany 1. Reparations on Germany • payments for war damage • How much should Germany pay in 1919? • $30 billion

  12. loses land to… • France • Poland • Denmark • Belgium • Czech… • Lithuania 3. surrenders all colonies 4. cannot unite with Austria or Czech… More Punishment

  13. limit German army • 100K standing army • limit German navy • 24 ships • No subs

  14. 7. Article 231 • War Guilt Clause • Germany must admit it is to blame for WWI

  15. Treaty of Versailles Punishes Germany

  16. Germany signs Versailles Treaty Under Protest • FORCED to sign…or be invaded by Allies • Germany was most resentful of what punishment? War Guilt Clause

  17. Effects of Germany Punishment? Think ESP

  18. 2. Soviet Union & Communist Threat • Winston Churchill, Secretary of War advised the Big 3 to invade USSR and overthrow the Bolsheviks • Simulation people…you had 4 options!!!

  19. Big 3 = Two-Faced • “Invite” Russians to conference • give aid to opponents to overthrow Bolsheviks • ???? • Lenin catches them as two-faces

  20. Effects of The USSR Decision? • USSR gets even more suspicious of the Capitalist west

  21. 3. Self-Determination • Allowing people in a land to vote/decide what country they want to be a part of • Eastern Europe will choose what government they want to be part of • Main European countries that lose land or get broken up (dismantled bubbles)  • Austria Hungary • Germany • Russia

  22. 5 New Countries Will Be Created

  23. 5 New Countries Will Be Created

  24. Finland Estonia Latvia Lithuania Poland

  25. Problems w/ Self- Determination • Some countries still not recreated the best way • Czech… • Poland • Everyone can’t be pleased • Italy • Some deserve it and some don’t 

  26. Who doesn’t get to choose? • colonies in Middle East, Africa and Asia not allowed Self-Determination • mandates instead • territories administered by western powers • GB and France take over German colonies • Imperialism still around!!!! 

  27. Issue #3 What to do with the Middle East? • Should the Big 3 keep the Sykes-Picot agreement and let GB & France rule these newly created countries temporarily? • If no, then the Arabs rule their own lands after WWI

  28. Issue #4 Self- Determination • Should the Big 3 give Italy the land that it is asking for, even if it may not agree with Self-Determination? If the Italians are not satisfied, they may leave the conference, making the Big 3 look bad

  29. 4. Wilson’s Moral Crusade Falls Short

  30. Problems withthe League of Nations • LON is like the UN today • Wilson’s idea is ahead of its time • 40 countries join LON • but not USA • USA does not ratify Treaty of Versailles • Becomes isolationist

  31. League of Nations is supposed to ensure PEACE!! • It’s powerless!! • No armed forces

  32. League of Nations is supposed to prevent acts of Aggression!

  33. ParisPeace Conference Angers Many countries! • Italy • Germany • Japan

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