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Nuclear Proliferation

Nuclear Proliferation. Lesson – Disarmament. Objectives. Review goals of NPT treaty. Compare different types of weapons. Identify key treaties regulating nuclear arsenals. Warm Up. What are the goals of the NPT? Non-Proliferation Disarmament Fair Access for Peaceful Use.

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Nuclear Proliferation

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  1. Nuclear Proliferation Lesson – Disarmament

  2. Objectives Review goals of NPT treaty. Compare different types of weapons. Identify key treaties regulating nuclear arsenals .

  3. Warm Up • What are the goals of the NPT? • Non-Proliferation • Disarmament • Fair Access for Peaceful Use http://www.hulu.com/watch/165125/movie-trailers-countdown-to-zero---exclusive-clip---proliferation

  4. Peaceful Uses Nuclear Energy • Controlled nuclear reactions • Heat Steam Electricity (19% in US) • Nuclear power plants • Atomic energy • Radioactive Isotopes (Medicine, Agriculture, Industry) Nuclear Regulatory Com Dept of Energy Regulate use nuclear materials

  5. Weapons Delivery • Missiles deliver conventional or nuclear warheads • Ballistic Missiles – enter atmosphere • Cruise Missiles – fly closer to ground • Tactical – short range missiles • Strategic – longer range missiles • IRBM • Tactical ~2,500 mile target • “Pershing Missiles” • SLBM • Strategic • “Poseidon / Trident” • ICBM • Strategic 20K mph, targets 9K miles away • “Minutemen / MX” • US fixed site, USSR mobile launchers • ABM • Destroy offensive missiles in space… • ABM defense systems http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/systems/nuke-size.htm

  6. Disarmament Negotiations • US & Russia possess ~95% total global arsenal. • Since 1963 have worked to stop proliferation & reduce arsenals (most of the time!)

  7. Disarmament Negotiation • LTBT (1963): • US & Russia ban nuclear tests in atmosphere, underH20, & space…CTBT (1996 - …) banned tests in all environments (↓ground) • NPT (1968) : Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty • SALT I (1972): • ABM Treaty – Limit ABM systems, Pledge to not build ABM defense systems (US withdrew to pursue NMD under GW Bush) • Interim Agreement – Froze # of strategic offensive weapons at current levels • SALT II (1979): • Reduce strategic forces to 2,250 each ICBM/SLBM/ASBM • Limits # of warheads & weight per missile • Banned new strategic missile dvpt

  8. Disarmament Negotiation • INF TREATY (1987): • Abolish all intermediate nuclear & conventional missiles (300-3400 m)…remove from E/W Euro • START I (1991): • Reduced # of strategic nuclear warheads from 10K per side to 6K • ICBM’s to 1,600 per side/SLBM to 880 per side • START II (1993) • Reduce # of long-range missiles and nuclear warheads from 6K per side to 3,500K US/3K Rus. • Banned multiple warheads in strategic missiles • US reduce # of warheads on SLBM

  9. Disarmament Negotiation • http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/03/26/AR2010032601943.html • SORT (2002)- • US & Russia limit # of nuclear warheads 1700–2200 operationally deployed warheads each • Provision aimed at preventing spread of WMD’s (material/tech) to terrorists. • New START (2010): • Reduce # of nuclear warheads to 1,500 • Limit # of ICBM/SLBM missiles & launchers and heavy bombers

  10. New START (2010)

  11. Values Line Directions Take a few minutes to evaluate your opinion on nuclear weapons… (survey) Strongly Agree – 2 steps forward Agree – 1 step forward Undecided – Stay on the line Oppose – 1 step back Strongly Oppose – 2 steps back

  12. Obama & Arms Reduction http://www.hulu.com/watch/148962/movie-trailers-countdown-to-zero---trailer#continuous_play=on • Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QKSn1SXjj2s • Prevent nuclear terrorism & proliferation and reduce the role of nuclear weapons in our national security strategy, while sustaining a safe, secure & effective nuclear deterrent. • Reading Activity “Nuclear Weapons Goals & Obstacles” • Moving Toward Zero

  13. Homework: Wiki Post • What should our nuclear weapons policy look like? • Should we keep nuclear weapons as an essential part of our security strategy? Modernize weapons, stockpiles, and a NMD. • Should we rely on the current system of arms control and lead the international effort to strengthen treaties and minimize existing arsenals? • Should we move toward nuclear zero and eliminate all nuclear weapons and defense systems now?

  14. Closure • Identify and describe the goals of three of the disarmament negotiations discussed today.

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